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J/A+A/595/A80 H_2_O lines reduced spectra in 11 ULIRGs or HyLIRGs (Yang+, 2016)
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table1.dat
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Beginning of ReadMe :J/A+A/595/A80 H_2_O lines reduced spectra in 11 ULIRGs or HyLIRGs (Yang+, 2016)
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Submillimeter H_2_O and H_2_O^+^ emission in lensed ultra- and hyper-luminous
infrared galaxies at z 2-4.
Yang C., Omont A., Beelen A., Gonzalez-Alfonso E., Neri R., Gao Y.,
van der Werf P., Weiss A., Gavazzi R., Falstad N., Baker A.J.,
Bussmann R.S., Cooray A., Cox P., Dannerbauer H., Dye S., Guelin M.,
Ivison R., Krips M., Lehnert M., Michalowski M.J., Riechers D.A.,
Spaans M., Valiante E.
<Astron. Astrophys. 595, A80 (2016)>
=2016A&A...595A..80Y (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
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ADC_Keywords: Galaxies, spectra; Interstellar medium; Millimetric/submm sources
Keywords: galaxies: high-redshift - galaxies: ISM - infrared: galaxies -
submillimeter: galaxies - radio lines: ISM - ISM: molecules
Abstract:
We report rest-frame submillimeter H_2_O emission line observations of
11 ultra- or hyper-luminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs or HyLIRGs) at
z 2-4 selected among the brightest lensed galaxies discovered in the
Herschel-Astrophysical Terahertz Large Area Survey (H-ATLAS). Using
the IRAM NOrthern Extended Millimeter Array (NOEMA), we have detected
14 new H_2_O emission lines. These include five 3_21_-3_12_
ortho-H_2_O lines (Eup/k=305K) and nine J=2 para-H_2_O lines, either
2_02_-1_11_ (E_up/k=101K) or 2_11_-2_02_ (E_up/k = 137K). The apparent
luminosities of the H_2_O emission lines are
muL_H2O_ 6-21x10^8^L_sun_ (3<mu<15, where mu is the lens
magnification factor), with velocity-integrated line fluxes ranging
from 4-15Jy.km/s. We have also observed CO emission lines using EMIR
on the IRAM 30m telescope in seven sources (most of those have not yet
had their CO emission lines observed). The velocity widths for CO and
H_2_O lines are found to be similar, generally within 1sigma errors
in the same source. With almost comparable integrated flux densities
to those of the high-J CO line (ratios range from 0.4 to 1.1), H_2_O
is found to be among the strongest molecular emitters in high-redshift
Hy/ULIRGs. We also confirm our previously found correlation between
luminosity of H_2_O (LH_2_O) and infrared (LIR) that
LH_2_O LIR^(1.1-1.2)^, with our new detections. This correlation could
be explained by a dominant role of far-infrared pumping in the H_2_O
excitation. Modelling reveals that the far-infrared radiation fields
have warm dust temperature T_warm_ 45-75K, H_2_O column density per
unit velocity interval N_H2O_/DELTAV> 0.3x10^15^km/s/cm^2^ and
100mum continuum opacity tau_100_>1 (optically thick), indicating
that H_2_O is likely to trace highly obscured warm dense gas. However,
further observations of J>=4 H_2_O lines are needed to better
constrain the continuum optical depth and other physical conditions of
the molecular gas and dust. We have also detected H_2_O^+^ emission in
three sources. A tight correlation between L_H_2_O and L_H_2_O^+^ has
been found in galaxies from low to high redshift. The
velocity-integrated flux density ratio between H_2_O^+^ and H_2_O
suggests that cosmic rays generated by strong star formation are
possibly driving the H_2_O^+^ formation.
Description:
The FITS file of the 1D spectra of the H_2_O lines are presented. The
data files are corresponding to Table 1 in the paper.