J/ApJ/879/100 K2 rotation periods for Hyades & Praesepe members (Douglas+, 2019)
K2 rotation periods for low-mass Hyads and a quantitative comparison of the
distribution of slow rotators in the Hyades and Praesepe.
Douglas S.T., Curtis J.L., Agueros M.A., Cargile P.A., Brewer J.M.,
Meibom S., Jansen T.
<Astrophys. J., 879, 100 (2019)>
=2019ApJ...879..100D 2019ApJ...879..100D
ADC_Keywords: Clusters, open; Stars, masses; Photometry, infrared; Optical;
Effective temperatures; Radial velocities;
Stars, double and multiple
Keywords: open clusters and associations: individual (Hyades, Praesepe) ;
stars: evolution ; stars: late-type ; stars: rotation
Abstract:
We analyze K2 light curves for 132 low-mass (1M☉≳M*≳0.1M☉)
members of the 600-800Myr old Hyades cluster and measure rotation
periods (Prot) for 116 of these stars. These include 93 stars with
no prior Prot measurements; the total number of Hyads with a known
Prot is now 232. We then combine literature binary data with Gaia
DR2 photometry and astrometry to select single-star sequences in the
Hyades and its roughly coeval Praesepe open cluster and derive a new
reddening value of AV=0.035±0.011 for Praesepe. Comparing the
effective temperature-Prot distributions for the Hyades and
Praesepe, we find that solar-type Hyads rotate, on average, 0.4d
slower than their Praesepe counterparts. This Prot difference
indicates that the Hyades is slightly older than Praesepe: we apply a
new gyrochronology model tuned with Praesepe and the Sun and find an
age difference between the two clusters of 57Myr. However, this Prot
difference decreases and eventually disappears for lower-mass stars.
This provides further evidence for stalling in the rotational
evolution of these stars and highlights the need for more detailed
analysis of angular momentum evolution for stars of different masses
and ages.
Description:
We analyze K2 Campaign 13 (2017 Mar 08-2017 May 27) light curves for
132 members of the Hyades open cluster.
File Summary:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
table2.dat 150 117 Confirmed and candidate multiple systems among
the K2 targets and Hyads with measured Prot
table3.dat 221 247 Prot measurements for Hyades stars targeted
in K2 and in the literature
table4.dat 155 743 Praesepe stars with measured Prot
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See also:
II/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)
II/264 : ASAS Variable Stars in Southern hemisphere (Pojmanski+, 2002-2005)
I/311 : Hipparcos, the New Reduction (van Leeuwen, 2007)
I/315 : UCAC3 Catalogue (Zacharias+ 2009)
V/147 : The SDSS Photometric Catalogue, Release 12 (Alam+, 2015)
IV/34 : K2 Ecliptic Plane Input Catalog (EPIC) (Huber+, 2017)
I/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)
J/A+A/331/81 : Hyades membership (Perryman+ 1998)
J/AJ/121/3224 : Speckle interferometry of HIP binaries (Mason+, 2001)
J/ApJS/159/141 : Spectroscopic properties of cool stars. I. (Valenti+, 2005)
J/AJ/134/2340 : Membership of Praesepe & Coma Berenices (Kraus+, 2007)
J/ApJ/687/1264 : Age estimation for solar-type dwarfs (Mamajek+, 2008)
J/ApJ/695/679 : Stellar rotation in M35 (Meibom+, 2009)
J/A+A/498/949 : Vel. of 1253 F-K dwarfs in open clusters (Mermilliod+, 2009)
J/ApJ/725/875 : Chromospheric activity for CPS stars (Isaacson+, 2010)
J/MNRAS/413/2218 : Stellar rotation in Hyades and Praesepe (Delorme+, 2011)
J/AJ/141/166 : HATNet variability survey of K and M dwarfs (Hartman+, 2011)
J/ApJ/733/L9 : Stellar rotation for 71 NGC 6811 members (Meibom+, 2011)
J/ApJ/733/115 : Rotation periods and membership in M34 (Meibom+, 2011)
J/A+A/531/A92 : Deep all-sky census of the Hyades (Roeser+, 2011)
J/ApJ/757/112 : Stellar diameters. II. K and M-stars (Boyajian+, 2012)
J/ApJ/756/L33 : RVs of 2 hot Jupiters in Praesepe (Quinn+, 2012)
J/A+A/559/A43 : Pan-STARRS1 (PS1) obs. of the Hyades (Goldman+, 2013)
J/ApJ/776/67 : Rotational tracks (van Saders+, 2013)
J/ApJ/795/161 : Activity & rotation in Praesepe & Hyades (Douglas+, 2014)
J/MNRAS/442/2081 : Praesepe members light curves (Kovacs+, 2014)
J/ApJ/804/146 : Atmospheric parameters for nearby B-F stars (David+, 2015)
J/ApJ/804/64 : Empirical and model parameters of 183 M dwarfs (Mann+, 2015)
J/ApJS/225/32 : Extended abundance analysis of cool stars (Brewer+, 2016)
J/ApJ/822/47 : K2 rotation periods for 65 Hyades members (Douglas+, 2016)
J/A+A/585/A7 : Hyades single stars fiducial photometry (Kopytova+, 2016)
J/AJ/153/128 : WOCS. LXXV. Hyades&Praesepe lithium data (Cummings+, 2017)
J/ApJ/842/83 : Praesepe members rot. periods from K2 LCs (Douglas+, 2017)
J/ApJ/839/92 : Praesepe members with K2 light curve data (Rebull+, 2017)
J/ApJ/862/33 : Expanded membership catalog for NGC752 (Agueros+, 2018)
J/ApJS/237/38 : Extended abundance analysis of KOIs (Brewer+, 2018)
J/A+A/616/A10 : Open clusters GaiaDR2 HR diagrams (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)
J/MNRAS/474/2580 : Evolution of neutron-capture elements (Spina+, 2018)
J/A+A/621/L2 : Hyades tidal tails revealed by Gaia DR2 (Roeser+, 2019)
J/ApJ/879/49 :
http://archive.stsci.edu/k2/ : K2 mission home page
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 3 I3 --- [RSP2011] [43/664]? Roser+ 2011, J/A+A/531/A92 catalog
index number
5- 7 A3 --- --- [HIP]
8- 12 I5 --- HIP [16529/22505]? Hipparcos (I/311) identifier
14- 29 A16 --- 2MASS 2MASS identifier (HHMMSSss+DDMMSSs; J2000)
31- 39 I9 --- EPIC [210408563/247970815]? EPIC identifier
41- 41 A1 --- D16 [NY] Douglas+ 2016, J/ApJ/822/47
binary candidate?
43- 43 A1 --- Up [NY] Updated binary candidate?
45- 45 A1 --- CMD [NY] Gaia CMD binary candidate?
47- 47 A1 --- Bin [NY] Confirmed binary?
49-150 A102 --- Ref Reference code(s) (1)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Reference as follows:
barradoynavascues1996 = 1996A&A...310..879B 1996A&A...310..879B
bowler2015 = 2015ApJS..216....7B 2015ApJS..216....7B
douglas2014 = 2014ApJ...795..161D 2014ApJ...795..161D
duchene2013 = 2013A&A...555A.137D 2013A&A...555A.137D
griffin1982 = 1982A&A...106..221G 1982A&A...106..221G
griffin2012 = 2012JApA...33...29G 2012JApA...33...29G
guenther2005 = 2005A&A...442.1031G 2005A&A...442.1031G
janson2014 = 2014ApJ...789..102J 2014ApJ...789..102J
kopytova2016 = 2016A&A...585A...7K 2016A&A...585A...7K
mason2001 = 2001AJ....121.3224M 2001AJ....121.3224M
mermilliod2009 = 2009A&A...498..949M 2009A&A...498..949M
morzinski2011 = 2011PhDT.......180M 2011PhDT.......180M
nelson1970 = 1970PASP...82..699N 1970PASP...82..699N
patience1998 = 1998AJ....115.1972P 1998AJ....115.1972P
paulson2004 = 2004AJ....127.3579P 2004AJ....127.3579P
pourbaix2004 = 2004A&A...424..727P 2004A&A...424..727P
reid1997 = 1997AJ....114.1992R 1997AJ....114.1992R
reid2000 = 2000MNRAS.316..827R 2000MNRAS.316..827R
siegler2003 = 2003ApJ...598.1265S 2003ApJ...598.1265S
stefanik = Private communication.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 3 I3 --- [RSP2011] [13/664]? Roser+ 2011, J/A+A/531/A92 catalog
index number
5- 7 A3 --- --- [HIP]
8- 12 I5 --- HIP [16529/23498]? Hipparcos (I/311) identifier
14- 29 A16 --- 2MASS 2MASS (II/246) identifier
(HHMMSSss+DDMMSSs; J2000)
31- 39 I9 --- EPIC [210359769/248199652]? EPIC (IV/34) identifier
41- 45 F5.2 mag r'mag [7.3/19.75]? Apparent r' band magnitude
47- 51 F5.2 mag Ksmag [5.89/12.1]? Apparent 2MASS Ks band magnitude
53- 57 F5.2 d Prot1 [0.15/68.5]? Rotational period,
first periodogram peak
59- 64 F6.4 --- Pw1 [0.0095/0.95]? Power, first periodogram peak
66- 66 I1 --- Q1 [0/2]? Q flag, first periodogram peak
(0=confirmed detection) (1)
68- 75 F8.6 --- Sig [0.005/0.0094]? Minimum significance threshold
for periodogram peaks
77- 81 F5.2 d Prot2 [0.15/14.31]? Rotational Period,
second periodogram peak, if any
83- 88 F6.4 --- Pw2 [0.017/0.23]? Power,
second periodogram peak, if any
90- 90 I1 --- Q2 [0/1]? Q flag, second periodogram peak, if any
(0=confirmed detection) (1)
92- 92 A1 --- MP? [MNY] Multiple rotational periods? (M=Maybe)
94- 94 A1 --- SE? [MNY] Spot evolution? (M=Maybe)
96- 96 A1 --- Bl? [MNY] Blend? (M=Maybe)
98- 98 A1 --- P Period selected as final period to plot (2)
100-104 F5.2 d Prot4 [0.2/49.4]? Douglas+ 2016, J/ApJ/822/47
K2 Campaign 4 rotational period
106-109 F4.2 d ProtP [2.4/8.8]? Prosser+ 1995PASP..107..211P 1995PASP..107..211P
rotational period
111-115 F5.2 d ProtH [1.2/22.2]? Hartman+ 2011, J/AJ/141/166
rotational period
117-121 F5.2 d ProtD [1.2/18.5]? Delorme+ 2011, J/MNRAS/413/2218
rotational period
123-127 F5.2 d ProtA [5.1/14.1]? ASAS (II/264) rotational period
129-133 F5.2 d ProtR [3.6/12.7]? Radick rotational period (3)
135-153 I19 --- Gaia Gaia DR2 (I/345) identifier
155-159 A5 --- Mm-Gaia Identified as a cluster member from Gaia
("True" = 177 occurrences)
161-165 A5 --- GaiaQ Passes Gaia (I/345) data quality thresholds
167-170 A4 --- SFlag Results of 4 tests for binary status (4)
172-175 F4.2 Msun Mass-D16 [0.12/1.23]? Douglas+ 2016, J/ApJ/822/47 mass
177-180 F4.2 Msun Mass [0.13/1.33]? New mass calculated
using Gaia DR2 parallax
182-192 F11.6 K Teff [91/6159]? Effective temperature,
calculated from photometry
194-204 F11.8 km/s dUVW [0.1/46]? Deviation from cluster space motion
206-213 F8.5 mag dCMD [-1.4/0.92]? Deviation from cluster CMD
215-221 F7.5 mag eCMD [0.0007/0.095]? Photometric error (5)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Code as follows:
0 = visually confirmed detection;
1 = questionable detection;
2 = clearly spurious detection;
3 = no significant periodogram peak.
Note (2): Code as follows:
2 = K2 (Prot4); K2 Campaign 4 Rotational period from
Douglas+ 2016, J/ApJ/822/47D (48 occurrences)
3 = this work (K2 Campaign 13);
P = (ProtP) Rotational Period from Prosser+ 1995PASP..107..211P 1995PASP..107..211P (1 occurrence)
H = (ProtH) Rotational Period from Hartman+ 2011, J/AJ/141/166 (6 occurrences)
D = (ProtD) Rotational Period from Delorme+ 2011, J/MNRAS/413/2218
(38 occurrences)
K = (ProtA) ASAS (II/264) Rotational Period (36 occurrences)
R = (ProtR) Rotational Period from Radick+ 1987ApJ...321..459R 1987ApJ...321..459R or
1995ApJ...452..332R 1995ApJ...452..332R (10 occurrences)
Note (3): Radick+ 1987ApJ...321..459R 1987ApJ...321..459R or 1995ApJ...452..332R 1995ApJ...452..332R
Note (4): SingleFlag codes: ABCD.
We use "YYYY" or "YYY-" or "-YYY" or "-YY-" stars.
A: UVW Kinematics. We calculate UVW with the Astronomy IDL Library
procedure gal_UVW.pro.
Y = dRV<2 km/s.
N = dRV>2km/s.
- = do not have 6D data, most often lacking RV.
B: Photometry.
Y = dcmd<0.375mag for either MG vs (G-RP) or MG vs (BP-RP) CMDs.
N = remainder. These can be binaries, of course, but also those with
poor or discrepant parallaxes.
C: Known Binaries.
N = confirmed binary.
Y = single star, candidate binary, or no multiplicity information.
D: RV error.
Y = there is a DR2 RV and its is error is <2km/s.
N = remainder with DR2 RVs.
- = No DR2 RV.
Note (5): The BP and RP errors added in quadrature.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 10 F10.6 deg RAdeg [126.3/135.1] Right Ascension (J2000)
12- 20 F9.6 deg DEdeg [16/23.6] Declination (J2000)
22- 28 A7 --- --- [2MASS J]
29- 44 A16 --- 2MASS 2MASS identifier (HHMMSSss+DDMMSSs; J2000)
46- 54 I9 --- EPIC [211707676/212171351]? EPIC identifier
56- 60 F5.2 d Prot-D17 [0.13/38.1] Douglas+ 2017, J/ApJ/842/83
rotation period
62- 62 A1 --- P-D17 Period selected as the final period selected
in Douglas+ 2017, J/ApJ/842/83 (1)
64- 68 F5.2 d Prot [0.13/38.1] Rotation period used
in this work (2)
70- 71 A2 --- P Period selected as final period
in this work (1)
73- 81 F9.6 mag dCMD [-1.4/3.8]? Deviation from cluster CMD
83- 90 F8.6 mag eCMD [0.0006/0.3] Photometric error (3)
92- 97 F6.2 km/s RVel [-33.4/20.5]? Gaia radial velocity (4)
99-103 F5.2 km/s e_RVel [0.26/18.6]? Error in RVel
105-109 F5.2 --- epsi [0.01/18.9]? Astrometric excess noise?
111-116 F6.3 mag Gmag [9.5/19.7]? Gaia DR2 G band magnitude
118-122 F5.3 mag BP-RP [0.5/3.5]? Gaia DR2 (BP-RP) color index
124-130 F7.2 K Teff [2965/6630]? Effective temperature, calculated
from photometry
132-149 I18 --- Gaia ? Gaia DR2 identifier
151-155 A5 --- SFlag Results of tests for binary status (5)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1):
2 = Douglas et al. (2017, J/ApJ/842/83);
16 = this work, measured from K2 Campaign 16 data (see Section 6.1.4);
K = Kovacs et al. (2014, J/MNRAS/442/2081);
D = Delorme et al. (2011, J/MNRAS/413/2218);
S = Scholz et al. (2007MNRAS.381.1638S 2007MNRAS.381.1638S and 2011MNRAS.413.2595S 2011MNRAS.413.2595S);
P = Agueros et al. (2011ApJ...740..110A 2011ApJ...740..110A).
Note (2): See Section 6.1.4 for changes from Douglas+ (2017, J/ApJ/842/83).
Note (3): The BP and RP errors added in quadrature.
Note (4): The cluster median from DR2HRD (Gaia DR2, I/345)
Note (5): SFlag codes: ABCDE. We use "YYYYY" or "YYY-Y" stars.
A: Astrometry. Stars without astrometry are probably problematic binaries,
which caused the astrometric solution to fail. Or something else is wrong.
Either way, they should not be included, so only select "Y" for those
consistent with single-star membership.
Y = pmd<2.5mas/yr.
N = pmd>2.5mas/yr.
- = no astrometry.
B: Photometry.
Y = dcmd<0.375mag for either apparent G vs (G-RP) or G vs (BP-RP) CMDs
N = remainder.
C: Kepler.
N = multi-periods detected.
Y = remainder.
D: Radial velocity.
Y = there is a DR2 RV and it is < 2 km/s discrepant from cluster
and the error is < 2 km/s.
N = remainder with DR2 RVs.
- = No DR2 RV.
E: confirmed binaries.
Y = single star, candidate binary, or no multiplicity information.
N = confirmed binary.
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 08-Dec-2020