J/A+A/661/A53 Survey of Orion disks with ALMA (SODA) (van Terwisga+, 2022)
Survey of Orion Disks with ALMA (SODA).
I. Cloud-level demographics of 873 protoplanetary disks.
van Terwisga S.E., Hacar A., van Dishoeck E.F., Oonk R., Portegies Zwart S.
<Astron. Astrophys. 661, A53 (2022)>
=2022A&A...661A..53V 2022A&A...661A..53V (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Surveys ; Stars, pre-main sequence ; Radio sources
Keywords: protoplanetary disks - stars: pre-main-sequence -
techniques: interferometric - surveys
Abstract:
Surveys of protoplanetary disks in nearby star-forming regions (SFRs)
have provided important information on their demographics. However,
due to their sample sizes, these surveys cannot be used to study how
disk properties vary with the environment.
We conduct a survey of the unresolved millimeter continuum emission of
873 protoplanetary disks identified by Spitzer in the L1641 and L1647
regions of the Orion A cloud. This is the largest such survey yet,
allowing us to identify even weak trends in the median disk mass as a
function of position in the cloud and cluster membership. The sample
detection rates and median masses are also compared to those of nearby
(<300pc) SFRs.
The sample was observed with the Atacama Large
Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) at 225GHz, with a median rms of
0.08mJy/beam, or 1.5M⊕. The data were reduced and imaged using
an innovative parallel data processing approach.
We detected 58% (502/873) of the observed disks. This includes 20
disks with dust masses >100M⊕, and two objects associated with
extended dust emission. By fitting a log-normal distribution to the
data, we infer a median disk dust mass in the full sample of
2.2+0.2-0.2M⊕. In L1641 and L1647, median dust masses are
2.1+0.2-0.2M⊕ and 2.6+0.4-0.5M⊕ respectively.
The disk mass distribution of the full sample is similar to that of
nearby low-mass SFRs at similar ages of 1-3Myr. We find only weak
trends in disk (dust) masses with galactic longitude and between the
Young Stellar Object (YSO) clusters identified in the sample, with
median masses varying by ≲50%. Differences in age may explain the
median disk mass variations in our subsamples. Apart from this, disk
masses are essentially constant at scales of ∼100pc. This also
suggests that the majority of disks, even in different SFRs, are
formed with similar initial masses and evolve at similar rates,
assuming no external irradiation, with disk mass loss rates of
∼10-8M☉/yr.
Description:
Continuum fluxes and masses for the SODA sample. The table lists
[MGM2012] catalog numbers, assumed distances, mm continuum fluxes and
masses for optically thin, 20K disks, or upper limits (flagged). The
resolved nature of some of the sources is indicated in a separate
column. These likely are contaminated by envelopes. We infer median
disk masses of 2.2±0.2M⊕ for the full sample, and a 58%
detection rate (502/873). In L1641 and L1647, median dust masses are
2.1±0.2M⊕ and 2.6-0.5+0.4M⊕, respectively.
Data originate from ALMA observations taken between November 21 and
December 2 as part of PID 2019.1.01813.S (PI: S. van Terwisga), with a
1.1arcsec primary beam. All observations were carried out in
configuration C43-1, with a minimum of 41 antennas, in average
weather; PWV=1.5-3.0mm. Pointing, bandpass, and flux calibration was
carried out on J0725-0054. Atmosphere and phase calibrations are
obtained from J0541-0541. All fluxes are determined in the image
plane.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 63 873 Continuum fluxes and masses for the SODA sample
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See also:
J/AJ/144/192 : Spitzer survey of Orion A and B. I. YSO catalog (Megeath+, 2012)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 4 I4 --- [MGM2012] Megeath et al. (2012AJ....144..192M 2012AJ....144..192M,
Cat. J/AJ/144/192) catalog number
6- 7 I2 h RAh Right Ascension (J2000)
9- 10 I2 min RAm Right Ascension (J2000)
12- 16 F5.2 s RAs Right Ascension (J2000)
18 A1 --- DE- Declination sign (J2000)
19- 20 I2 deg DEd Declination (J2000)
22- 23 I2 arcmin DEm Declination (J2000)
25- 29 F5.2 arcsec DEs Declination (J2000)
31- 34 F4.0 pc d Distance
36 A1 --- l_F225GHz [<] Upper limit flag on F225GHz
38- 42 F5.2 mJy F225GHz [0.21/75.14] 225GHz continuum flux
44- 48 F5.3 mJy e_F225GHz [0.05/0.35] Continuum flux uncertainty
50 A1 --- l_Mdust [<] Upper limit flag on Mdust
52- 56 F5.1 Mgeo Mdust [1.1/363.92] Disk dust mass
58- 61 F4.2 Mgeo e_Mdust [0.24/1.89] Disk dust mass uncertainty
63 I1 --- Resolved [0/1] Source resolvedness flag
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Acknowledgements:
Sierk van Terwisga, terwisga(at)mpia.de
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 28-Mar-2022