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J/A+A/569/A20 Massive stars in two giant molecular clouds (Messineo+, 2014)
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Beginning of ReadMe :J/A+A/569/A20 Massive stars in two giant molecular clouds (Messineo+, 2014)
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Massive stars in the giant molecular cloud G23.3-0.3 and W41.
Messineo M., Menten K.M., Figer D.F., Davies B., Simon C.J., Ivanov V.D.,
Kudritzki R.-P., Michael R.R., MacKenty J.W., Trombley C.
<Astron. Astrophys., 569, A20-20 (2014)>
=2014A&A...569A..20M
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ADC_Keywords: Molecular clouds ; Stars, giant ; Photometry, infrared
Keywords: supergiants - ISM: supernova remnants -
open clusters and associations: general - ISM: clouds
Abstract:
Young massive stars and stellar clusters continuously form in the
Galactic disk, generating new HII regions within their natal giant
molecular clouds and subsequently enriching the interstellar medium
via their winds and supernovae. Massive stars are among the brightest
infrared stars in such regions; their identification permits the
characterisation of the star formation history of the associated cloud
as well as constraining the location of stellar aggregates and hence
their occurrence as a function of global environment. We present a
stellar spectroscopic survey in the direction of the giant molecular
cloud G23.3-0.3. This complex is located at a distance of 4-5kpc, and
consists of several HII regions and supernova remnants. We discovered
11 Of_K_^+^ stars, one candidate luminous blue variable, several OB
stars, and candidate red supergiants. Stars with K-band extinction
from 1.3-1.9mag appear to be associated with the GMC G23.3-0.3; O and
B-types satisfying this criterion have spectrophotometric distances
consistent with that of the giant molecular cloud. Combining near-IR
spectroscopic and photometric data allowed us to characterize the
multiple sites of star formation within it. The O-type stars have
masses from 25-45M_sun_, and ages of 5-8Myr. Two new red
supergiants were detected with interstellar extinction typical of the
cloud; along with the two RSGs within the cluster GLIMPSE9, they trace
an older burst with an age of 20-30Myr. Massive stars were also
detected in the core of three supernova remnants - W41, G22.7-0.2, and
G22.7583-0.4917. A large population of massive stars appears
associated with the GMC G23.3-0.3, with the properties inferred for
them indicative of an extended history of stars formation.
Description:
The observations were made with the Spectrograph for INtegral Field
Observations in the Near Infrared (SINFONIal) on the Yepun Very Large
Telescope, under the ESO programs 084.D-0769 and 085.D-0192 (P.I.
Messineo). We observed 100 stars with 0.6<H-Ks<1.4mag and 11<Ks<6mag
from selected fields.
An additional 47 objects were detected with the Son of Isaac (SofI)
spectrograph on the ESO New Technology Telescope (NTT) on La Silla
during the ESO program 087.D-09609 (P.I. Messineo), on the nights of
June 10, 11, and 12, 2011.