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J/A+A/581/A39 MWSC III. 63 new open clusters (Scholz+, 2015)
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drwxr-xr-x 2 cats archive 4096 Aug 28 2015 stars Beginning of ReadMe :J/A+A/581/A39 MWSC IV. 63 new open clusters (Scholz+, 2015)
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Global survey of star clusters in the Milky Way.
IV. 63 new open clusters detected by proper motions.
Scholz R.-D., Kharchenko N.V., Piskunov A.E., Roeser S., Schilbach E.
<Astron. Astrophys. 581, A39 (2015)>
=2015A&A...581A..39S
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ADC_Keywords: Clusters, open ; Proper motions
Keywords: catalogs - surveys - proper motions - globular clusters: general -
open clusters and associations: general - Galaxy: stellar content
Abstract:
We present a list of 63 new open clusters that were found in the frame
of the project Milky Way Star Clusters (MWSC). The target list was
compiled as density enhancements using coordinates and proper motions
from the 2MAst and UCAC4 catalogues. For confirmed clusters we
determined a homogeneous set of astrophysical parameters such as
membership, angular radii of the main morphological parts, proper
motion, distance, reddening, age, tidal parameters, all based on 2MAst
data.
Description:
We first selected high-quality samples from the 2MAst and UCAC4
catalogues for comparison and verification of the proper motions. For
441 circular proper motion bins (radius 15mas/yr) within+/-50mas/yr,
the sky outside a thin Galactic plane zone (|b|<5deg) was binned in
small areas ('sky pixels') of 0.25x0.25deg^2^, Sky pixels with
enhanced numbers of stars with a certain common proper motion in both
catalogues were considered as cluster candidates. In total we
discovered 692 density enhancements (regarded as cluster candidates).
These candidates were cross-identified with known objects.
Unidentified objects were passed through the standard MWSC pipeline
(described in Kharchenko et al., 2012, Cat. J/A+A/543/A156) for
verification, cluster membership construction and structure, kinematic
and astrophysical parameter determination. The basic stellar data were
taken from the all-sky catalogue 2MAst (2MASS with Astrometry), that
was extracted from the all-sky catalogues PPMXL (Roeser et al. 2010,
Cat.I/317) and 2MASS (Cutri et al. 2003, Cat.II/246). We found
that 355 candidates coincide or overlap with known objects. From the
remaining candidates, 270 could not be confirmed by the MWSC pipeline,
whereas 63 were classified as real star clusters, for which we
determined their basic cluster parameters.
Around each confirmed object from our target list we defined a
circular area with a radius of ra=r2+radd where r2 is an initial
estimate of the cluster radius, and radd=0.3deg. In these areas we
selected in 2MAst only those stars with flags Rflg (the 2nd triple of
the flags in 2MASS) set to 1, 2, or 3 in each band, i.e. the stars
with the best quality detections in photometric and astrometric data.
The 63 sky areas with confirmed clusters contain about 0.49 mln 2MAst
stars with best quality detections in photometric and astrometric
data. We selected most probable members and determined - with a
homogeneous method/pipeline - angular sizes of the main morphological
parts, heliocentric distances, colour-excesses, mean proper motions,
ages, tidal parameters.
This work represents the second extension of the MWSC survey
(Kharchenko et al. 2012, Cat. J/A+A/543/A156, 2013, Cat. J/A+A/558/A53),
which had an original input list of 3784 targets. After the first
extension by Schmeja et al. (2014, Cat. J/A+A/568/A51), who
investigated 782 further candidates, we analysed 692 new candidates.
We have adopted for them MWSC numbers starting with 4001.
We present:
The Catalogue of 63 new MWSC open clusters, which includes several
files: Catalogue of cluster parameters (confirmed clusters only);
Index of all 692 candidates; Notes for every item of the index list.
Within each list the entries are ordered by the MWSC number.
The Catalogues of the MWSC Stars in 63 circular sky areas with
confirmed clusters. Files are ordered by MWSC number; inside each sky
area the entries are ordered by Ks magnitudes.
The Atlas of 63 new MWSC clusters diagrams. In the Atlas the Cluster
pages are ordered by MWSC number.
All the data are given in the same format as in the main MWSC catalogue
(J/A+A/558/A53).
Description of file: atlas/*
For each cluster we prepared two EPS-pages of diagrams:
Page 1 contains the cluster map as the basic panel
(file MWSC_Name_map.eps.gz),
Page 2 contains the Ks,(J-Ks) and Ks,(J-H) CMDs as basic panels
(file MWSC_Name_cmd.eps.gz).
The legend on each page gives the cluster name, MWSC number, (COCD number);
equatorial RAJ2000, DecJ2000, and galactic l, b coordinates of the cluster
centre; apparent cluster sizes r0, r1, r2, [number of 1sigma-members within
the corresponding radius]; weighted average components PM_(X,Y)_ of proper
motion with their rms errors, [number of stars used to compute the average];
the average radial velocity, RV with their rms error, [the number of stars
used to compute the average]; distance to the cluster, d, distance modulus,
(Ks-M_Ks_); NIR colour-excesses, E(J-H), E(J-Ks), interstellar extinction,
A(Ks); cluster age, its rms error, [the number of stars used to compute the
average age, or it is -1 if a manual isochrone fit was applied].
Additionally we show in the 2nd pages: an empirical correction
Delta_H_ for a better isochrone fit in the K_s_,(J-H) diagram.
Symbols and their colours have the same meaning in all plots. Stars are
shown as coloured circles or dots. Cyan symbols mark stars outside the
cluster radius r2, green symbols are stars within r2. The most probable
kinematic and photometric members (1sigma-members) are indicated in black,
red, or blue. Black is for members located within r1 (a visible radius of
the central part), red for members between r1 and r2, and blue for stars
outside r2 (the probabilities are formal). Cyan bars show the uncertainty
for 1sigma-members.
Description of files MWSC_Name_map.eps.gz (Page 1):
Page 1 contains five diagrams with spatial information.
The right panel is a map of the cluster neighborhood (MAP),
the left panels show (upside-down) relations depending on the distance from
the cluster centre, r, for:
- magnitude Ks (Ks vs. r),
- proper motions (PM vs. r),
- density profile diagram (DPD).
MAP:
Stars are displayed as small circles.
The circle size corresponds to the stellar magnitude ranged in six Ks mag
intervals: < 6.0, 6.0 - 8.0, 8.0 - 10.0, 10.0 - 12.0, 12.0 - 14.0, > 14.0.
Blue cross : cluster centre selected in this study;
Blue plus : cluster centre from the literature;
Magenta plusses : centres of other clusters (from target list)
visible (if any) in the map;
Dotted blue large circle : cluster core border (r0);
Solid blue large circle : inner cluster border (r1);
Dashed blue large circle : cluster corona border (r2).
The left panels:
Blue vertical dotted, solid, dashed lines mark r0, r1, r2, respectively.
PM vs. r: Magenta horizontal lines correspond to the average proper
motion of the cluster determined in this paper;
DPD: Density profiles (Log of Number of stars per 1 sq.deg) are shown for
all stars (green line), 3sigma-members (blue line), 2sigma-members
(magenta line) and 1sigma-members (black line).
Description of files MWSC_Name_cmd.eps.gz (Page 2):
Page 2 contains diagrams with kinematic and photometric information.
The three left panels are:
- two PM_(X,Y) vs. Ks relations, i.e. PM-magnitude equation diagrams (MEDs);
- the vector point diagram of proper motions (VPD).
The two upper right panels are:
- relations (Ks,(J-H) and Ks,(J-Ks), i.e. the colour-magnitude diagrams
(CMDs).
The bottom right panels:
- colour-colour diagrams (CCDs);
- reddening-independent parameter Q-colour diagrams (QCDs).
The CCDs and QCDs are separated into two subpanels (as well as CMDs and
MEDs are separated into two parts via a broken line). The division is
made with respect to the Ks_mc_ magnitude: in the bottom subpanels we
place data for Ks>Ks_mc, in the upper ones - for Ks<Ks_mc_, where
Ks_mc_ is Ks-magnitude at the bluest colour (J-Ks) of the isochrone
closest to the determined cluster age.
CMDs:
Magenta curve: the apparent isochrone closest to the determined cluster age;
Solid blue lines: left and right borders of a domain of 100% photometric
cluster members;
Solid red lines: ZAMS and TAMS (shown only in the Ks,(J-Ks) diagram), the
borders of the evolved Main Sequence stars;
Magenta dashed line: corresponds to the Ks_mc_;
Thick yellow circles: stars selected for age determination;
Black arrows: increasing interstellar extinction vectors.
MED:
Magenta solid lines correspond to the average proper motion of the
cluster; the magenta dashed line corresponds to the Ks_mc_.
CCD and QCD:
The Magenta curve corresponds to the apparent isochrone (observed magnitudes
and colours); the cyan curve corresponds to the intrinsic isochrone.
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