J/AJ/161/285 Absorption & emission lines and RVel for vA 351 (Benedict+, 2021)
Dissecting the Quadruple Binary Hyad vA 351 Masses for Three M Dwarfs and a
White Dwarf.
Benedict G.F., Franz O.G., Horch E.P., Prato L., Torres G., McArthur B.E.,
Wasserman L.H., Latham D.W., Stefanik R.P., Latham C., Skiff B.A.
<Astron. J., 161, 285 (2021)>
=2021AJ....161..285B 2021AJ....161..285B
ADC_Keywords: Stars, double and multiple; Spectra, optical; Spectra, infrared;
Radial velocities; Equivalent widths; Stars, dwarfs
Keywords: Low mass stars
Abstract:
We extend results first announced by Franz et al., that identified
vA351=H346 in the Hyades as a multiple star system containing a white
dwarf. With Hubble Space Telescope Fine Guidance Sensor fringe
tracking and scanning, and more recent speckle observations, all
spanning 20.7years, we establish a parallax, relative orbit, and mass
fraction for two components, with a period, P=2.70yr and total mass
2.1M☉. With ground-based radial velocities from the McDonald
Observatory Otto Struve 2.1m Telescope Sandiford Spectrograph, and
Center for Astrophysics Digital Speedometers, spanning 37 years, we
find that component B consists of BC, two M-dwarf stars orbiting with
a very short period (PBC=0.749days), having a mass ratio
MC/MB=0.95. We confirm that the total mass of the system can only
be reconciled with the distance and component photometry by including
a fainter, higher-mass component. The quadruple system consists of
three M dwarfs (A, B, C) and one white dwarf (D). We determine
individual M-dwarf masses MA=0.53±0.10M☉,
MB=0.43±0.04M☉, and MC=0.41±0.04M☉. The white
dwarf mass, 0.54±0.04M☉, comes from cooling models, an assumed
Hyades age of 670Myr, and consistency with all previous and derived
astrometric, photometric, and radial velocity results. Velocities from
Hα and HeI emission lines confirm the BC period derived from
absorption lines, with similar (HeI) and higher (Hα) velocity
amplitudes. We ascribe the larger Hα amplitude to emission from
a region each component shadows from the other, depending on the line
of sight.
Description:
vA351 was monitored spectroscopically at the Center for Astrophysics
(CfA) with the Digital Speedometers between 1982 January and 1999
October, on two telescopes: the 1.5m Tillinghast reflector at the Fred
L.Whipple Observatory on Mount Hopkins (AZ), and the 4.5m equivalent
Multiple Mirror Telescope (MMT; also on Mount Hopkins). (R∼35000).
We obtained RVel data with the McDonald 2.1m Otto Struve Telescope and
Sandiford Cassegrain Echelle Spectrograph (CE). The McDonald data were
collected during 33 observing runs from 1995 to 2009 .
Objects:
--------------------------------------------
RA (2000) DE Designation(s)
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04 25 13.54 +17 16 05.5 vA 351 = V* V805
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File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table3.dat 64 184 CE absorption line radial velocities
table4.dat 64 28 CfA absorption line radial velocities
table13.dat 85 140 Hα equivalent widths
table14.dat 52 119 Component B,C radial velocities from Hα
table15.dat 52 129 Component V2, V3 radial velocities from Hα
table16.dat 72 98 HeI equivalent widths
table17.dat 58 98 HeI emission line RVels
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See also:
I/317 : The PPMXL Catalog (Roeser+ 2010)
I/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)
VII/233 : The 2MASS Extended sources (IPAC/UMass, 2003-2006)
J/AJ/80/379 : Hyades cluster: motion, membership, and distance (Hanson+,1975)
J/A+A/331/81 : Hyades membership (Perryman+ 1998)
J/A+A/367/111 : A Hipparcos study of the Hyades cluster (de Bruijne+, 2001)
J/AJ/132/1221 : VJHK and SDSS photometry of DA white dwarfs (Holberg+, 2006)
J/MNRAS/390/545 : Magnetic field and velocity of early M dwarfs (Donati+,2008)
J/MNRAS/390/567 : Magnetic field and velocity of mid M dwarfs (Morin+, 2008)
J/MNRAS/407/2269 : Polarisation of a sample of late M dwarfs (Morin+, 2010)
J/AJ/142/187 : HST observations of 7 Pop.II variable stars (Benedict+, 2011)
J/AJ/142/112 : KIC photometric calibration (Brown+, 2011)
J/ApJ/730/128 : Spectroscopy of DA WD from the SDSS-DR4 (Tremblay+, 2011)
J/ApJ/757/112 : Stellar diameters. II. K and M-stars (Boyajian+, 2012)
J/ApJ/745/58 : Light curves of the PMS eclipsing binary Par 1802 (Gomez+,2012)
J/AJ/143/10 : 2008-2009 WIYN speckle observations binaries VII (Horch+, 2012)
J/A+A/551/A142 : 7 year Swift-XRT point source catalog (1SWXRT) (D'Elia+, 2013)
J/A+A/577/A128 : CARMENES input catalogue M dwarfs. I (Alonso-Floriano+, 2015)
J/AJ/150/151 : DSSI obs. of binaries. VI. Measures in 2014 (Horch+, 2015)
J/ApJ/804/64 : Empirical and model parameters of 183 M dwarfs (Mann+, 2015)
J/AJ/152/141 : Solar neighborhood. XXXVII. RVs for M dwarfs (Benedict+, 2016)
J/A+A/601/A19 : Gaia DR1 open cluster members (Gaia Collaboration+, 2017)
J/AJ/153/212 : Observations of binary stars at WIYN telescope (Horch+, 2017)
J/ApJ/834/85 : Hα emission in nearby M dwarfs (Newton+, 2017)
J/A+A/626/A111 : Proxima Cen flare activity temporal changes (Pavlenko+,2019)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table[34].dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 10 F10.4 d JD Julian date; JD-2400000.5
12- 17 F6.3 km/s RVelA Radial velocity of component A
19- 23 F5.3 km/s e_RVelA Uncertainty in RVelA
25- 31 F7.3 km/s RVelB ? Radial velocity of component B
33- 37 F5.3 km/s e_RVelB ? Uncertainty in RVelB
39- 44 F6.3 km/s RVelC ? Radial Velocity of component C
46- 50 F5.3 km/s e_RVelC ? Uncertainty in RVelC
52- 57 F6.4 --- BCphase Orbital phase of components B and C
59- 64 F6.4 --- ADBCphase Orbital phase of components AD and BC
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table13.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 11 F11.5 d JD [49962/57584] Julian date; JD-2500000.5
13- 18 F6.4 --- BCphase [0/1] Phase of B-C orbit; P=0.749days
20- 26 F7.5 --- ADBCphase [0/1] Phase of AD-BC orbit; P=988days
28- 33 F6.2 0.1nm EWtot [-11.5/-3.7]? Total Equivalent Width (1)
35- 38 F4.2 0.1nm e_EWtot [0.06/0.6] 1σ uncertainty in EWtot
40- 44 F5.2 0.1nm EWB [-1.65/-0.4]? Component B Equivalent Width (1)
46- 49 F4.2 0.1nm e_EWB [0.03/0.3]? 1σ uncertainty in EWB
51- 55 F5.2 0.1nm EW2 [-5.7/-1.6] Component 2 Equivalent Width (1)
57- 60 F4.2 0.1nm e_EW2 [0.03/0.4] 1σ uncertainty in EW2
62- 66 F5.2 0.1nm EW3 [-5.8/-1.6] Component 3 Equivalent Width (1)
68- 71 F4.2 0.1nm e_EW3 [0.03/0.5] 1σ uncertainty in EW3
73- 77 F5.2 0.1nm EWC [-2/-0.08]? Component C Equivalent Width (1)
79- 85 F7.4 0.1nm e_EWC [0.03/0.3]? 1σ uncertainty in EWC
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Note (1): Equivalent widths from H-alpha
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1[45].dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 10 F10.4 d JD Julian Date; JD-2500000.5
12- 17 F6.4 --- BCphase B-C phase; P=0.749 d
19- 25 F7.5 --- ADBCphase AD-BC phase; P=988 d
27- 32 F6.2 km/s RVelB2 ? Heliocenrtic Radial Velocity component B (1)
34- 38 F5.2 km/s e_RVelB2 ? The 1σ uncertainty in RVelB2
40- 45 F6.2 km/s RVelC3 ? Heliocentric Radial Velocity component C (1)
47- 52 F6.4 km/s e_RVelC3 ? The 1σ uncertainty in RVelC3
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Note (1): RVel from H-alpha emission components B and C in table 14.
RVel for H-alpha components 2 and 3 in table 15.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table16.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 10 F10.4 d JD [49962/56230] Julian date; JD-2500000.5
12- 17 F6.4 --- BCphase [0/1] B-C phase; P=0.749d
19- 25 F7.5 --- ADBCphase [0/1] AD-BC phase; P=988d
27- 31 F5.2 0.1nm EWtot [-4.5/-0.4] Total Equivalent Width (1)
33- 36 F4.2 0.1nm e_EWtot [0.02/0.3] 1σ uncertainty in EWtot
38- 42 F5.2 0.1nm EWB [-0.7/-0.1]? Component B Equivalent Width (1)
44- 47 F4.2 0.1nm e_EWB [0.03/0.2]? 1σ uncertainty in EWB
49- 53 F5.2 0.1nm EW2 [-4.5/-0.2] Component 2 Equivalent Width (1)
55- 58 F4.2 0.1nm e_EW2 [0.02/0.2] 1σ uncertainty in EW2
60- 64 F5.2 0.1nm EWC [-0.9/-0.1]? Component C Equivalent Width (1)
66- 72 F7.4 0.1nm e_EWC [0.02/0.2]? 1σ uncertainty in EWC
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Note (1): Equivalent widths from HeI 587.66nm. Units are Angstroms.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table17.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 10 F10.4 d JD [49962/56230] Julian date; JD-2500000.5
12- 17 F6.4 --- BCphase [0/1] B-C phase; P=0.749 d
19- 25 F7.5 --- ADBCphase [0/1] AD-BC phase; P=988 d
27- 31 F5.1 km/s RVelB [-7.4/101]? HRV for component B (1)
33- 36 F4.1 km/s e_RVelB [0.9/12.7]? 1σ uncertainty in RVelB
38- 41 F4.1 km/s RVelcen [25/51] HRV for central component (1)
43- 45 F3.1 km/s e_RVelcen [0.2/8.6] 1σ uncertainty in RVelcen
47- 51 F5.1 km/s RVelC [-35/95]? HRV for component C (1)
53- 58 F6.3 km/s e_RVelC [0.5/9]? 1σ uncertainty in RVelC
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Note (1): HRV from HeI 587.66nm components.
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Coralie Fix [CDS], 10-Sep-2021