J/A+A/656/A51 Planetary nebulae in Gaia EDR3 (Gonzalez-Santamaria+, 2021)
Planetary nebulae in Gaia EDR3:
Central star identification, properties and binarity.
Gonzalez-Santamaria I., Manteiga M., Manchado A., Ulla A., Dafonte C.,
Lopez Varela P.
<Astron. Astrophys. 656, A51 (2021)>
=2021A&A...656A..51G 2021A&A...656A..51G (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Planetary nebulae ; Photometry
Keywords: planetary nebulae: general - stars: distances - stars: evolution -
Hertzsprung-Russell diagrams and C-M diagrams - binaries: general -
methods: data analysis
Abstract:
The Gaia Early Data Release 3 (EDR3), published in December 2020,
features improved photometry and astrometry compared to that published
in the previous DR2 file and includes a substantially larger number of
sources, of the order of 2000 million, making it a paradigm of big
data astronomy. Many of the central stars of planetary nebulae (CSPNe)
are inherently faint and difficult to identify within the field of the
nebula itself. Gaia measurements may be relevant not only in
identifying the ionising source of each nebula, but also in the study
their physical and evolutionary properties.
We demonstrate how Gaia data mining can effectively help to solve the
issue of central star misidentification, a problem that has plagued
the field since its origin. As we did for DR2, our objective is to
present a catalogue of CSPNe with astrometric and photometric
information in EDR3. From that catalogue, we selected a sample of
stars with high-quality astrometric parameters, on which we carried
out a more accurate analysis of CSPNe properties.
Gaia GBP-GRP colours allow us to select the sources with sufficient
temperatures to ionise the nebula. In order to estimate the real
colour of a source, it is important to take into account interstellar
extinction and, in the case of compact nebulae, nebular extinction
when available. In addition, distances derived from EDR3 parallaxes
(combined with consistent literature values) can be used to obtain
nebular intrinsic properties from those observed. With this
information, CSPNe can be plotted in an Hertzsprung-Russell diagram.
From information on the spectral classification of the CS (from the
literature) and evolutionary models for post-AGB stars, their
evolutionary state can then be analysed. Furthermore, EDR3
high-quality astrometric data enable us to search for objects comoving
with CSs in the field of each nebula by detecting sources with
parallaxes and proper motions similar to those of the CS.
We present a catalogue of 2035 PNe with their corresponding CS
identification from among Gaia EDR3 sources. We obtain the distances
for those with known parallaxes in EDR3 (1725 PNe). In addition, for a
sub-sample (405 PNe) with the most accurate distances, we obtain
different nebular properties such as their Galactic distribution,
radius, kinematic age, and morphology. Furthermore, for a set of 74
CSPNe, we present the evolutionary state (mass and age) derived from
their luminosities and effective temperatures from evolutionary
models. Finally, we highlight the detection of several wide binary
CSPNe through an analysis of the EDR3 astrometric parameters, and we
contribute to shedding some light on the relevance of close binarity
in CSPNe.
Description:
Catalogue of Planetary Nebulae (PN) with their corresponding Central
Star (CS) identified trough Gaia EDR3 sources. Some relevant
parameters of the CS are given, as its Gaia magnitude, colour or
distance to nebular centre. An identification reliability flag is also
given (A, B or C). Two tables are provided: the main one contains the
2,035 CSPNe from identification groups A and B (table A1). The complementary
table contains 850 CSPNe from group C and with relative angular
distance to nebular centre below 0.5" (Table A1C).
Table A2 contains different astrometric parameters for the 405
planetary nebulae within the GAPN-EDR3 sample, as parallax (with
uncertainty), distances (with uncertainties), galactic height, angular
radius, physical radius or radial velocity. In addition, the nebular
morphological type and the central star spectral type is provided.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
tablea1.dat 116 2035 Gaia EDR3 sources identified as CSPNe, main table
tablea1c.dat 116 850 Gaia EDR3 sources identified as CSPNe,
complementary table
tablea2.dat 90 405 Astrometric parameters of GAPN-EDR3 sample
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See also:
I/350 : Gaia EDR3 (Gaia Collaboration, 2020)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea1.dat tablea1c.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 15 A15 --- PNG Name given in PNG nomenclature
17- 45 A29 --- OName Common name
47- 65 I19 --- GaiaEDR3 Gaia EDR3 ID number
67 A1 --- Group Identification reliability group (1)
69- 76 F8.4 deg RAdeg Right Ascension (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0
78- 85 F8.4 deg DEdeg Declination (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0
87- 91 F5.2 arcsec Dang Angular distance to the nebular centre (2)
93- 97 F5.2 mag Gmag ? Apparent magnitude in Gaia G band
99-103 F5.2 mag BP-RP ? Gaia BP-RP colour
105-110 F6.2 mag AV Interstellar extinction in V magnitude (3)
112-116 F5.2 mag (BP-RP)0 ? De-reddened Gaia BP-RP colour
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Note (1): defined 3 reliability groups: A, B or C.
Note (2): nebular center is set by the coordinates in HASH database
(Parker et al., 2016JPhCS.728c2008P 2016JPhCS.728c2008P).
Note (3): Values taken from:
Cahn et al. (1992A&AS...94..399C 1992A&AS...94..399C, Cat. J/A+AS/94/399),
Frew (2008, PhD Thesis, Department of Physics, Macquarie University,
NSW 2109, Australia),
Frew et al. (2016MNRAS.455.1459F 2016MNRAS.455.1459F),
Green et al. (2019ApJ...887...93G 2019ApJ...887...93G),
Schlegel et al. (1998ApJ...500..525S 1998ApJ...500..525S),
Tylenda et al. (1992A&AS...95..337T 1992A&AS...95..337T).
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 15 A15 --- PNG Name given in PNG nomenclature
17- 22 F6.3 mas Plx Measured parallax from Gaia EDR3 (1)
24- 28 F5.3 mas e_Plx Measured parallax uncertainty form Gaia EDR3 (2)
30- 34 I5 pc Dist Estimated distance from the Sun (3)
36- 39 I4 pc b_Dist Estimated low bound of distance (3)
41- 45 I5 pc B_Dist Estimated high bound of distance (3)
47- 51 I5 pc Height Calculated galactic height
53- 58 F6.1 as Radang ? Nebular mean angular radius (4)
60- 65 F6.3 pc Radphys ? Nebular mean physical radius
67- 71 I5 km/s RV ? Radial Velocity (5)
73 A1 --- Morph Morphological type (4)
75- 90 A16 --- SpType Spectral type of Central Star (6)
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Note (1): values corrected according to Lindegren et al. (2020A&A...633A...1L 2020A&A...633A...1L)
Note (2): values corrected according to Fabricius et al. (2021A&A...649A...5F 2021A&A...649A...5F)
Note (3): by using a Bayesian statistical method explained by
Bayler-Jones et al. (2021AJ....161..147B 2021AJ....161..147B, Cat. I/352).
Note (4): obtained from HASH database (Parker et al., 2016JPhCS.728c2008P 2016JPhCS.728c2008P).
Note (5): obtained from Simbad database.
Note (6): obtained from Weidmann et al. (2020A&A...640A..10W 2020A&A...640A..10W,
Cat. J/A+A/640/A10).
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Acknowledgements:
Iker Gonzalez-Santamaria, iker.gonzalez(at)udc.es
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 27-Sep-2021