J/A+A/655/A68 FEDReD III: Unraveling the 3D structure of Vela (Hottier+, 2021)
FEDReD III: Unraveling the 3D structure of Vela.
Hottier C., Babusiaux C., Arenou F.
<Astron. Astrophys. 655, A68 (2021)>
=2021A&A...655A..68H 2021A&A...655A..68H (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Extinction ; Molecular clouds
Keywords: dust, extinction - ISM: structure -
individual object: Vela Molecular Ridge
Abstract:
The Vela complex is a region of the sky that gathers several stellar
and interstellar structures in a few hundred square degrees.
Gaia data now allows us to obtain a 3D view of the Vela interstellar
structures through the dust extinction.
We used the FEDReD (Field Extinction-Distance Relation Deconvolver)
algorithm on near-infrared 2MASS data, cross-matched with the Gaia DR2
catalogue, to obtain a 3D cube of extinction density. We applied the
FellWalker algorithm on this cube to locate clumps and dense
structures.
We analysed 18 million stars on 450 deg 2 to obtain the extinction
density of the Vela complex from 0.5 to 8kpc at l in [250, 280] and b
in [-10, 5].This cube reveals the complete morphology of known
structures and relations between them. In particular, we show that the
Vela Molecular Ridge is more likely composed by three substructures
instead of four, as suggested by the 2D densities. These substructures
form the shell of a large cavity. This cavity is visually aligned with
the Vela supernova remnant but located at a larger distance. We
provide a catalogue of location, distance, size and total dust content
of ISM clumps that we extracted.
Description:
We used the FEDReD algorithm to analyse photometry and parallax from
2MASS and Gaia DR2 of stars in the Vela complex direction. This
provided us with the distribution of the extinction density in 3D.
We managed to spatially measure 14 dense extinction clouds (Table 1)
and nine cavities (Table 2).
Vela complex in extinction A0 (ext.dat), and extinction density a0
(extdens.dat).
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 583 14 Density clumps found by the FellWalker algorithm
table2.dat 536 9 Cavity found by the FellWalker algorithm
extdens.dat 81 2482480 Extinction density (a0) cube flattened,
original shape (77, 155, 208)
ext.dat 104 2494415 Extinction (A0) cube flattened,
original shape (77, 155, 209)
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 2 I2 --- ID [1/14] Catalog ID
4- 25 F22.19 kpc X [-1.07/0.37] Barycentre coordinate X
27- 47 F21.19 kpc s_X [0.0/0.05] Standard deviation of
barycentre coordinate X
49- 67 F19.16 kpc Y [-3.66/-0.47] Barycentre coordinate Y
69- 89 F21.19 kpc s_Y [0.0/0.39] Standard deviation of
barycentre coordinate Y
91-111 F21.18 kpc Z [-0.21/0.08] Barycentre coordinate Z
113-134 F22.20 kpc s_Z [0.0/0.03] Standard deviation of
barycentre coordinate Z
136-153 F18.14 deg GLON [250.89/278.08] Barycentre Galactic longitude
155-174 F20.18 deg s_GLON [0.0/0.86] Standard deviation of
barycentre Galactic longitude
176-196 F21.18 deg GLAT [-6.57/3.68] Barycentre Galactic latitude
198-217 F20.18 deg s_GLAT [0.0/0.52] Standard deviation of
barycentre Galactic latitude
219-236 F18.16 kpc d [0.47/3.81] Barycentre distance
238-258 F21.19 kpc s_d [0.0/0.39] Standard deviation of
barycentre distance
260-278 F19.17 kpc mind [0.44/3.37] Minimum distance of edge
280-300 F21.19 kpc s_mind [0.0/0.09] Standard deviation of
minimum distance of edge
302-319 F18.16 kpc maxd [0.5/4.27] Maximum distance of edge
321-340 F20.18 kpc s_maxd [0.0/0.88] Standard deviation of
maximum distance of edge
342-361 F20.17 deg minb [-9.54/0.87] Minimum b of edge
363-382 F20.18 deg s_minb [0.0/0.96] Standard deviation of
minimum b of edge
384-403 F20.17 deg maxb [-5.6/5.54] Maximum b of edge
405-425 F21.19 deg s_maxb [0.0/1.11] Standard deviation of
maximum b of edge
427-444 F18.14 deg minl [249.67/277.43] Minimum l of edge
446-466 F21.19 deg s_minl [0/1.22] Standard deviation of
minimum l of edge
468-485 F18.14 deg maxl [251.95/280.55] Maximum l of edge
487-506 F20.18 deg s_maxl [0.01/1.83] Standard deviation of
maximum l of edge
508-527 F20.11 pc3 phyvol [60000/50849001] Volume
529-549 F21.12 pc3 s_phyvol [6229/19128703] Standard deviation of
Volume
551-558 E8.3 mag.pc2 AC [4.07e+01/9.18e+04] Total dust content
560-567 E8.3 mag.pc2 s_AC [4.29e+00/3.42e+04] Standard deviation of
total dust content
569-583 A15 --- Notes Notes (VMR for Vela molecular ridge)
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1 I1 --- ID [1/9] Catalog ID
3- 22 F20.17 kpc X [-1.07/0.41] Barycentre coordinate
24- 44 F21.19 kpc s_X [0.0/0.1] Standard deviation of
barycentre coordinate
46- 64 F19.16 kpc Y [-4.47/-1.54] Barycentre coordinate
66- 85 F20.18 kpc s_Y [0.0/0.35] Standard deviation of
barycentre coordinate
87-107 F21.18 kpc Z [-0.33/-0.02] Barycentre coordinate
109-130 F22.20 kpc s_Z [0.0/0.04] Standard deviation of
barycentre coordinate
132-149 F18.14 deg GLON [256.54/277.63] Barycentre Galactic longitude
151-170 F20.18 deg s_GLON [0.0/1.86] Standard deviation of
barycentre Galactic longitude
172-190 F19.16 deg GLAT [-6.12/-0.53] Barycentre Galactic latitude
192-211 F20.18 deg s_GLAT [0.0/1.19] Standard deviation of
barycentre Galactic latitude
213-230 F18.16 kpc d [1.58/4.6] Barycentre distance
232-251 F20.18 kpc s_d [0.0/0.36] Standard deviation of
barycentre distance
253-270 F18.16 kpc mind [1.19/4.35] Minimum distance of edge
272-291 F20.18 kpc s_mind [0.01/1.0] Standard deviation of
minimum distance of edge
293-310 F18.16 kpc maxd [1.77/4.82] Maximum distance of edge
312-331 F20.18 kpc s_maxd [0.01/0.38] Standard deviation of
maximum distance of edge
333-351 F19.16 deg minb [-7.44/-0.81] Minimum b of edge
353-372 F20.18 deg s_minb [0.0/1.14] Standard deviation of
minimum b of edge
374-392 F19.16 deg maxb [-4.81/0.34] Maximum b of edge
394-412 F19.17 deg s_maxb [0.04/1.0] Standard deviation of
maximum b of edge
414-431 F18.14 deg minl [255.3/277.31] Minimum l of edge
433-452 F20.18 deg s_minl [0.0/3.06] Standard deviation of
minimum l of edge
454-471 F18.14 deg maxl [257.99/278.02] Maximum l of edge
473-492 F20.18 deg s_maxl [0.02/1.36] Standard deviation of
maximum l of edge
494-514 F21.11 pc3 phyvol [87000/104800001] Volume
516-536 F21.12 pc3 s_phyvol [17770/38059708] Standard deviation of
volume
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: extdens.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 5 F5.2 deg GLAT [-9.79/4.65] Barycentre Galactic latitude
7- 12 F6.2 deg GLON [250.38/279.64] Barycentre Galactic longitude
18- 35 F18.15 kpc d [0.2/24.27] Barycentre distance
41- 58 F18.15 mag/kpc a0 [-0.1/20.1]?=- Extinction density
64- 81 F18.15 mag/kpc s_a0 [0/1.9]?=- std of extinction density
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: ext.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 5 F5.2 deg GLAT [-9.79/4.65] Barycentre Galactic latitude
7- 12 F6.2 deg GLON [250.38/279.64] Barycentre Galactic longitude
18- 35 F18.15 kpc d [0.2/24.55] Barycentre distance
41- 58 F18.15 mag A0 [0/11.70]?=- Extinction
64- 81 F18.15 mag A0max [0/19.96]?=- Maximum extinction
87-104 F18.15 mag A0min [0/10.61]?=- Minimum extinction
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Acknowledgements:
Clement Hottier, clement.hottier(at)obspm.fr
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 01-Nov-2021