J/A+A/652/A116 CARMENES time-resolved CaII H&K catalog (Perdelwitz+, 2021)
CARMENES input catalog of M dwarfs.
VI. A time-resolved Ca II H&K catalog from archival data.
Perdelwitz V., Mittag M., Tal-Or L., Schmitt J.H.M.M., Caballero J.A.,
Jeffers S.V., Reiners A., Schweitzer A., Trifonov T., Ribas I.,
Quirrenbach A., Amado P.J., Seifert W., Cifuentes C., Cortes-Contreras M.,
Montes D., Revilla D., Skrzypinski S.L.
<Astron. Astrophys. 652, A116 (2021)>
=2021A&A...652A.116P 2021A&A...652A.116P (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Stars, double and multiple ; Stars, M-type ; Stars, dwarfs ;
Radial velocities ; Models, atmosphere ; Spectroscopy
Keywords: stars: activity - planetary systems - techniques: radial velocities -
stars: late-type
Abstract:
Radial-velocity (RV) jitter caused by stellar magnetic activity is an
important factor in state-of-the-art exoplanet discovery surveys such
as CARMENES. Stellar rotation, along with heterogeneities in the
photosphere and chromosphere caused by activity, can result in
false-positive planet detections. Hence, it is necessary to determine
the stellar rotation period and compare it to any putative planetary
RV signature. Long-term measurements of activity indicators such as
the chromospheric emission in the CaII H&K lines enable the
identification of magnetic activity cycles.
In order to determine stellar rotation periods and study the long-term
behavior of magnetic activity of the CARMENES guaranteed time
observations (GTO) sample, it is advantageous to extract R'HK time
series from archival data, since the CARMENES spectrograph does not
cover the blue range of the stellar spectrum containing the Ca II H&K
lines.
We have assembled a catalog of 11634 archival spectra of 186 M dwarfs
acquired by seven different instruments covering the CaII H&K regime:
ESPADONS, FEROS, HARPS, HIRES, NARVAL, TIGRE, and UVES. The relative
chromospheric flux in these lines, R'HK, was directly extracted from
the spectra by rectification with PHOENIX synthetic spectra via narrow
passbands around the Ca II H&K line cores. The combination of archival
spectra from various instruments results in time series for 186 stars
from the CARMENES GTO sample. As an example of the use of the catalog,
we report the tentative discovery of three previously unknown activity
cycles of M dwarfs.
We conclude that the method of extracting R'HK with the use of model
spectra yields consistent results for different instruments and that
the compilation of this catalog will enable the analysis of long-term
activity time series for a large number of M dwarfs.
Description:
The time-resolved catalog is based on pipeline-reduced spectra from
seven different spectrographs:
ESPADONS (Donati et al., 1997MNRAS.291..658D 1997MNRAS.291..658D; Petit et al.,
2014PASP..126..469P 2014PASP..126..469P, Cat. J/PASP/126/469)
FEROS (Kaufer et al., 1999Msngr..95....8K 1999Msngr..95....8K)
HARPS (Mayor et al., 2003Msngr.114...20M 2003Msngr.114...20M)
HIRES (Vogt et al. 1994, in Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation
Engineers (SPIE) Conference Series, Vol. 2198, Instrumentation in
Astronomy VIII, 362; Vogt 2002, in Astronomical Society of the
Pacific Conference Series, Vol. 270, Astronomical Instrumentation
and Astrophysics, 5)
NARVAL (Petit et al., 2014PASP..126..469P 2014PASP..126..469P, Cat. J/PASP/126/469;
Donati et al. 2006, in Astronomical Society of the Pacific
Conference Series, Vol. 358, Solar Polarization 4, 362)
TIGRE (Schmitt et al., 2004ANS...325...27W 2004ANS...325...27W)
UVES (Dekker et al. 2000, in Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation
Engineers (SPIE) Conference Series, Vol. 4008, Optical and IR
Telescope Instrumentation and Detectors, 534-545)
The spectral rectification and flux calibration is based on PHOENIX model
atmospheres (Husser et al., 2013A&A...553A...6H 2013A&A...553A...6H).
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
stars.dat 57 200 List of studied stars
table3.dat 104 11634 Time-resolved catalog
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See also:
J/A+A/577/A128 : CARMENES input cat. of M dwarfs. I (Alonso-Floriano+, 2015)
J/A+A/597/A47 : CARMENES input cat. of M dwarfs, II (Cortes-Contreras+ 2017)
J/A+A/614/A76 : CARMENES input cat. of M dwarfs. III (Jeffers+, 2018)
J/A+A/621/A126 : CARMENES input cat. of M dwarfs. IV (Diez Alonso+ 2019)
J/A+A/642/A115 : CARMENES input cat. of M dwarfs. V (Cifuentes+, 2020)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: stars.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 11 A11 --- Karmn CARMENES input catalog ID
13- 14 I2 h RAh Simbad right ascension (J2000)
16- 17 I2 min RAm Simbad right ascension (J2000)
19- 23 F5.2 s RAs Simbad right ascension (J2000)
25 A1 --- DE- Simbad declination sign (J2000)
26- 27 I2 deg DEd Simbad declination (J2000)
29- 30 I2 arcmin DEm Simbad declination (J2000)
32- 35 F4.1 arcsec DEs Simbad declination (J2000)
37- 39 I3 --- Nobs Number of observations in table3.dat
41- 57 A17 --- SName Simbad name
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 11 A11 --- Karmn CARMENES input catalog ID
13- 22 F10.6 deg RAdeg Right ascension (1)
24- 32 F9.5 deg DEdeg Declination (1)
34- 51 F18.12 d MJD Modified Julian Date
53- 73 E21.16 --- RHKp Relative chromospheric emission in the
CaII H&K lines
75- 95 E21.19 --- e_RHKp Error in the relative chromospheric emission
in the CaII H&K lines
97-104 A8 --- Inst Instrument
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Note (1): at time of observation MJD, as given by the fits header of the
spectrum.
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Acknowledgements:
Volker Perdelwitz, volkerp(at)ariel.ac.il
References:
Alonso-Floriano et al., Paper I 2015A&A...577A.128A 2015A&A...577A.128A, Cat. J/A+A/577/A128
Cortes-Contreras et al., Paper II 2017A&A...597A..47C 2017A&A...597A..47C, Cat. J/A+A/597/A47
Jeffers et al., Paper III 2018A&A...614A..76J 2018A&A...614A..76J, Cat. J/A+A/614/A76
Diez alonso et al., Paper IV 2019A&A...621A.126D 2019A&A...621A.126D, Cat. J/A+A/621/A126
Cifuentes et al., Paper V 2020A&A...642A.115C 2020A&A...642A.115C, Cat. J/A+A/642/A115
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 15-Jul-2021