J/A+A/649/A7 MC structure and properties (Gaia Collaboration+, 2021)
Gaia Early Data Release 3: structure and properties of the Magellanic Clouds.
Gaia Collaboration, Luri X., Chemin L., Clementini G., Delgado H.E.,
McMillan P.J., Romero-Gomez M., Balbinot E., Castro-Ginard A., Mor R.,
Ripepi V., Sarro L.M., Cioni M.-R.L., Fabricius C., Garofalo A., Helmi A.,
Muraveva T., Brown A.G.A., Vallenari A., Prusti T., de Bruijne J.H.J.,
Babusiaux C., Biermann M., Creevey O.L., Evans D.W., Eyer L., Hutton A.,
Jansen F., Jordi C., Klioner S.A., Lammers U., Lindegren L., Mignard F.,
Panem C., Pourbaix D., Randich S., Sartoretti P., Soubiran C., Walton N.A.,
Arenou F., Bailer-Jones C.A.L., Bastian U., Cropper M., Drimmel R., Katz D.,
Lattanzi M.G., van Leeuwen F., Bakker J., Castaneda J., De Angeli F.,
Ducourant C., Fouesneau M., Fremat Y., Guerra R., Guerrier A., Guiraud J.,
Jean-Antoine Piccolo A., Masana E., Messineo R., Mowlavi N., Nicolas C.,
Nienartowicz K., Pailler F., Panuzzo P., Riclet F., Roux W., Seabroke G.M.,
Sordo R., Tanga P., Thevenin F., Gracia-Abril G., Portell J., Teyssier D.,
Altmann M., Andrae R., Bellas-Velidis I., Benson K., Berthier J., Blomme R.,
Brugaletta E., Burgess P.W., Busso G., Carry B., Cellino A., Cheek N.,
Damerdji Y., Davidson M., Delchambre L., Dell'Oro A.,
Fernandez-Hernandez J., Galluccio L., Garcia-Lario P., Garcia-Reinaldos M.,
Gonzalez-Nunez J., Gosset E., Haigron R., Halbwachs J.-L., Hambly N.C.,
Harrison D.L., Hatzidimitriou D., Heiter U., Hernandez J., Hestroffer D.,
Hodgkin S.T., Holl B., Janssen K., Jevardat de Fombelle G., Jordan S.,
Krone-Martins A., Lanzafame A.C., Loeffler W., Lorca A., Manteiga M.,
Marchal O., Marrese P.M., Moitinho A., Mora A., Muinonen K., Osborne P.,
Pancino E., Pauwels T., Recio-Blanco A., Richards P.J., Riello M.,
Rimoldini L., Robin A.C., Roegiers T., Rybizki J., Siopis C., Smith M.,
Sozzetti A., Ulla A., Utrilla E., van Leeuwen M., van Reeven W., Abbas U.,
Abreu Aramburu A., Accart S., Aerts C., Aguado J.J., Ajaj M., Altavilla G.,
Alvarez M.A., Alvarez Cid-Fuentes J., Alves J., Anderson R.I.,
Anglada Varela E., Antoja T., Audard M., Baines D., Baker S.G.,
Balaguer-Nunez L., Balog Z., Barache C., Barbato D., Barros M.,
Barstow M.A., Bartolome S., Bassilana J.-L., Bauchet N.,
Baudesson-Stella A., Becciani U., Bellazzini M., Bernet M., Bertone S.,
Bianchi L., Blanco-Cuaresma S., Boch T., Bombrun A., Bossini D.,
Bouquillon S., Bragaglia A., Bramante L., Breedt E., Bressan A.,
Brouillet N., Bucciarelli B., Burlacu A., Busonero D., Butkevich A.G.,
Buzzi R., Caffau E., Cancelliere R., Canovas H., Cantat-Gaudin T.,
Carballo R., Carlucci T., Carnerero M.I., Carrasco J.M., Casamiquela L.,
Castellani M., Castro Sampol P., Chaoul L., Charlot P., Chiavassa A.,
Comoretto G., Cooper W.J., Cornez T., Cowell S., Crifo F., Crosta M.,
Crowley C., Dafonte C., Dapergolas A., David M., David P., de Laverny P.,
De Luise F., De March R., De Ridder J., de Souza R., de Teodoro P.,
de Torres A., del Peloso E.F., del Pozo E., Delgado A., Delisle J.-B.,
Di Matteo P., Diakite S., Diener C., Distefano E., Dolding C., Eappachen D.,
Enke H., Esquej P., Fabre C., Fabrizio M., Faigler S., Fedorets G.,
Fernique P., Fienga A., Figueras F., Fouron C., Fragkoudi F., Fraile E.,
Franke F., Gai M., Garabato D., Garcia-Gutierrez A., Garcia-Torres M.,
Gavras P., Gerlach E., Geyer R., Giacobbe P., Gilmore G., Girona S.,
Giuffrida G., Gomez A., Gonzalez-Santamaria I., Gonzalez-Vidal J.J.,
Granvik M., Gutierrez-Sanchez R., Guy L.P., Hauser M., Haywood M.,
Hidalgo S.L., Hilger T., Hladczuk N., Hobbs D., Holland G., Huckle H.E.,
Jasniewicz G., Jonker P.G., Juaristi Campillo J., Julbe F., Karbevska L.,
Kervella P., Khanna S., Kochoska A., Kontizas M., Kordopatis G., Korn A.J.,
Kostrzewa-Rutkowska Z., KruszyNska K., Lambert S., Lanza A.F., Lasne Y.,
Le Campion J.-F., Le Fustec Y., Lebreton Y., Lebzelter T., Leccia S.,
Leclerc N., Lecoeur-Taibi I., Liao S., Licata E., Lindstrom H.E.P.,
Lister T.A., Livanou E., Lobel A., Madrero Pardo P., Managau S., Mann R.G.,
Marchant J.M., Marconi M., Marcos Santos M.M.S., Marinoni S., Marocco F.,
Marshall D.J., Martin Polo L., Martin-Fleitas J.M., Masip A., Massari D.,
Mastrobuono-Battisti A., Mazeh T., Messina S., Michalik D., Millar N.R.,
Mints A., Molina D., Molinaro R., Molnar L., Montegriffo P., Morbidelli R.,
Morel T., Morris D., Mulone A.F., Munoz D., Murphy C.P., Musella I.,
Noval L., Ordenovic C., Orru G., Osinde J., Pagani C., Pagano I.,
Palaversa L., Palicio P.A., Panahi A., Pawlak M., Penalosa Esteller X.,
Penttilae A., Piersimoni A.M., Pineau F.-X., Plachy E., Plum G., Poggio E.,
Poretti E., Poujoulet E., Prsa A., Pulone L., Racero E., Ragaini S.,
Rainer M., Raiteri C.M., Rambaux N., Ramos P., Ramos-Lerate M.,
Re Fiorentin P., Regibo S., Reyle C., Riva A., Rixon G., Robichon N.,
Robin C., Roelens M., Rohrbasser L., Rowell N., Royer F., Rybicki K.A.,
Sadowski G., Sagrista Selles A., Sahlmann J., Salgado J., Salguero E.,
Samaras N., Sanchez Gimenez V., Sanna N., Santovena R., Sarasso M.,
Schultheis M., Sciacca E., Segol M., Segovia J.C., Segransan D.,
Semeux D., Siddiqui H.I., Siebert A., Siltala L., Slezak E., Smart R.L.,
Solano E., Solitro F., Souami D., Souchay J., Spagna A., Spoto F.,
Steele I.A., Steidelmueller H., Stephenson C.A., Sueveges M., Szabados L.,
Szegedi-Elek E., Taris F., Tauran G., Taylor M.B., Teixeira R., Thuillot W.,
Tonello N., Torra F., Torra J., Turon C., Unger N., Vaillant M.,
van Dillen E., Vanel O., Vecchiato A., Viala Y., Vicente D., Voutsinas S.,
Weiler M., Wevers T., Wyrzykowski L., Yoldas A., Yvard P., Zhao H.,
Zorec J., Zucker S., Zurbach C., Zwitter T.
<Astron. Astrophys. 649, A7 (2021)>
=2021A&A...649A...7G 2021A&A...649A...7G (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Magellanic Clouds ; Positional data ; Proper motions ;
Parallaxes, trigonometric ; HR diagrams ; Stellar distribution ;
Galaxies, rotation
Keywords: Magellanic Clouds - catalogs - astrometry - parallaxes -
proper motions
Abstract:
This work is part of the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium
papers published with the Gaia Early Data Release 3 (EDR3). It is one
of the demonstration papers aiming to highlight the improvements and
quality of the newly published data by applying them to a scientific
case.
We use the Gaia EDR3 data to study the structure and kinematics of the
Magellanic Clouds. The large distance to the Clouds is a challenge for
the Gaia astrometry. The Clouds lie at the very limits of the
usability of the Gaia data, which makes the Clouds an excellent case
study for evaluating the quality and properties of the Gaia data.
The basis of our work are two samples selected to provide a
representation as clean as possible of the stars of the Large
Magellanic Cloud (LMC) and the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). The
selection used criteria based on position, parallax, and proper
motions to remove foreground contamination from the Milky Way, and
allowed the separation of the stars of both Clouds. From these two
samples we defined a series of subsamples based on cuts in the
colour-magnitude diagram; these subsamples were used to select stars
in a common evolutionary phase and can also be used as approximate
proxies of a selection by age.
We compared the Gaia Data Release 2 (DR2) and Gaia EDR3 performances
in the study of the Magellanic Clouds and show the clear improvements
in precision and accuracy in the new release. We also show that the
systematics still present in the data make the determination of the 3D
geometry of the LMC a difficult endeavour; this is at the very limit
of the usefulness of the Gaia EDR3 astrometry, but it may become
feasible with the use of additional external data. We derive radial
and tangential velocity maps and global profiles for the LMC for the
several subsamples we defined. To our knowledge, this is the first
time that the two planar components of the ordered and random motions
are derived for multiple stellar evolutionary phases in a galactic
disc outside the Milky Way, showing the differences between younger
and older phases. We also analyse the spatial structure and motions in
the central region, the bar, and the disc, providing new insights into
features and kinematics.
Finally, we show that the Gaia EDR3 data allows clearly resolving the
Magellanic Bridge, and we trace the density and velocity flow of the
stars from the SMC towards the LMC not only globally, but also
separately for young and evolved populations. This allows us to
confirm an evolved population in the Bridge that is slightly shift
from the younger population. Additionally, we were able to study the
outskirts of both Magellanic Clouds, in which we detected some
well-known features and indications of new ones.
Description:
Tables of the radial profiles of the azimuthal and radial components
of the ordered and random motions of stellar evolutionary phases in
the Large Magellanic Cloud, as inferred from the 3rd Gaia Data Release
(Early Release of 2020/12/03).
Each sub-sample of LMC stellar evolutionary phase is defined in Sect.
2.3 of the article. The file lmcall.dat is for a sample combining
every stellar phases.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
lmcagb.dat 118 30 Results for the AGB evolutionary phase
lmcblp.dat 118 35 Results for the Blue Loop evolutionary phase
lmcrcl.dat 118 44 Results for the Red CLump evolutionary phase
lmcrgb.dat 118 40 Results for the RGB evolutionary phase
lmcall.dat 118 44 Results for the Combined Sample phase
lmcrrl.dat 118 34 Results for the RR Lyrae evolutionary phase
lmcyg1.dat 118 18 Results for the Young 1 evolutionary phase
lmcyg2.dat 118 27 Results for the Young 2 evolutionary phase
lmcyg3.dat 118 33 Results for the Young 3 evolutionary phase
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See also:
I/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)
I/350 : Gaia EDR3 (Gaia Collaboration, 2020)
J/A+A/649/A3 : Gaia EDR3 photometric passbands (Riello+, 2021)
J/A+A/649/A6 : Gaia Catalogue of Nearby Stars - GCNS (Gaia collaboration, 2021)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: *.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 6 F6.3 kpc Radius LMC galactocentric radius (radius)
10- 15 F6.3 km/s b_av Lower limit of the azimuthal velocity (avmin)
19- 24 F6.3 km/s av Azimuthal velocity (av)
28- 33 F6.3 km/s B_av Upper limit of the azimuthal velocity (avmax)
38- 43 F6.3 km/s b_avdisp Lower limit of the azimuthal velocity
dispersion (avdispmin)
46- 52 F7.3 km/s avdisp Azimuthal velocity dispersion (avdisp)
56- 62 F7.3 km/s B_avdisp Upper limit of the azimuthal velocity
dispersion (avdispmax)
65- 71 F7.3 km/s b_rv Lower limit of the radial velocity (rvmin) (1)
74- 80 F7.3 km/s rv Radial velocity (rv)
83- 89 F7.3 km/s B_rv Upper limit of the radial velocity (rvmax) (1)
93- 99 F7.3 km/s b_rvdisp Lower limit of the radial velocity
dispersion (rvdispmin)
102-108 F7.3 km/s rvdisp Radial velocity dispersion (rvdisp) (1)
112-118 F7.3 km/s B_rvdisp Upper limit of the radial velocity
dispersion (rvdispmax) (1)
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Note (1): The lower and upper limits of each velocity and velocity dispersion
are defined by the velocity uncertainties, as described in Sect. 5.2.2 of
the article.
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Acknowledgements:
Laurent Chemin, astro.chemin(at)gmail.com
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 28-Nov-2020