J/A+A/648/A34 KMOS O-type star detection in Tr 16-SE (Preibisch+, 2021)
Detection of new O-type stars in the obscured stellar cluster Tr 16-SE in the
Carina Nebula with KMOS.
Preibisch T., Flaischlen S., Goeppl C., Ercolano B., Roccatagliata V.
<Astron. Astrophys. 648, A34 (2021)>
=2021A&A...648A..34P 2021A&A...648A..34P (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Associations, stellar ; Stars, O ; Stars, B-type ; Spectroscopy ;
Spectra, infrared
Keywords: open clusters and associations: individual: Tr 16-SE -
stars: formation - stars: early-type
Abstract:
The Carina Nebula harbors a large population of high-mass stars,
including at least 75 O-type and Wolf-Rayet (WR) stars, but the
current census is not complete since further high-mass stars may be
hidden in or behind the dense dark clouds that pervade the
association.
With the aim of identifying optically obscured O- and early B-type
stars in the Carina Nebula, we performed the first infrared
spectroscopic study of stars in the optically obscured stellar cluster
Tr 16-SE, located behind a dark dust lane south of η Car.
We used the integral-field spectrograph KMOS at the ESO VLT to obtain
H- and K-band spectra with a resolution of R∼4000
(Δλ∼5Å) for 45 out of the 47 possible OB candidate
stars in Tr 16-SE, and we derived spectral types for these stars.
We find 15 stars in Tr 16-SE with spectral types between O5 and B2
(i.e. high-mass stars with M≥8M☉), only two of which were
known before. An additional nine stars are classified as (Ae)Be stars,
i.e. intermediate-mass pre-main sequence stars, and most of the
remaining targets show clear signatures of being late-type stars and
are thus most likely foreground stars or background giants unrelated
to the Carina Nebula. Our estimates of the stellar luminosities
suggest that nine of the 15 O- and early B-type stars are members of
Tr 16-SE, whereas the other six seem to be background objects.
Our study increases the number of spectroscopically identified
high-mass stars (M≥8M☉) in Tr 16-SE from two to nine and
shows that Tr 16-SE is one of the larger clusters in the Carina
Nebula. Our identification of three new stars with spectral types
between O5 and O7 and four new stars with spectral types O9 to B1
significantly increases the number of spectroscopically identified
O-type stars in the Carina Nebula.
Description:
Reduced, flux- and wavelength-calibrated, telluric corrected 1d
spectra of the targets in this work. The wavelengths are given in
micrometers, the flux is given in the unit erg/s/cm2/Å. For each
object, two fits files are provided according to the H- and K-band,
respectively. The spectral dispersion is 2.16 Angstroem per pixel in
the H-band and 2.81 Angstroem per pixel in the K-band.
Objects:
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RA (2000) DE Designation(s)
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10 45 10 -59 43.0 Trumpler 16 = Cl Trumpler 16
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File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 161 14 List of the KMOS spectra for standard stars
table3.dat 171 56 List of the KMOS spectra for target stars
spectrum/* . 140 Individual fits spectra
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See also:
I/350 : Gaia EDR3 (Gaia Collaboration, 2020)
II/341 : VPHAS+ DR2 survey (Drew+, 2016)
III/274 : Galactic O-Star Spectroscopic Survey (GOSSS) (Sota+, 2014)
J/AJ/105/980 : Stellar content of Tr 14 and Tr 16 (Massey+ 1993)
J/ApJS/194/2 : Chandra Carina Complex Project (CCCP) catalog (Broos+, 2011)
J/A+A/572/A116 : The VISTA Carina Nebula Survey (Preibisch+, 2014)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 26 A26 --- Name Object name
29- 30 I2 h RAh Right ascension (J2000)
32- 33 I2 min RAm Right ascension (J2000)
35- 40 F6.3 s RAs Right ascension (J2000)
43 A1 --- DE- Declination sign (J2000)
44- 45 I2 deg DEd Declination (J2000)
47- 48 I2 arcmin DEm Declination (J2000)
50- 54 F5.2 arcsec DEs Declination (J2000)
57- 67 A11 --- Hsp H-spectrum filename in subdirectory spectrum
70- 80 A11 --- Ksp K-spectrum filename in subdirectory spectrum
83- 87 F5.2 mag Gmag ? Optical magnitude (1)
93- 97 F5.2 mag Jmag ? J-band magnitude (2)
100-104 F5.2 mag Hmag ? H-band magnitude (2)
107-111 F5.2 mag Ksmag ? Ks-band magnitude (2)
114-131 A18 --- CCCP CCCP match, HHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s,
CXOGNC JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s, in Simbad (3)
134-142 A9 --- SpType1 Spectral type from Smith (2006MNRAS.367..763S 2006MNRAS.367..763S)
145-153 A9 --- SpType2 Spectral type from Sota et al.
(2014ApJS..211...10S 2014ApJS..211...10S, Cat. III/274)
156-161 A6 --- SpType3 Spectral type from Massey & Johnson
(1993AJ....105..980M 1993AJ....105..980M, Cat. J/AJ/105/980)
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Note (1): G-band value from Gaia EDR3, see Gaia Collaboration et al.
(2016A&A...595A...1G 2016A&A...595A...1G), Gaia Collaboration et al. (2021, A&A, in prep.),
Riello et al. (2021, A&A, in prep.), Gaia EDR3, Cat. I/350.
Note (2): Near infrared values from the VISTA Carina Nebula Survey,
see Preibisch et al. (2014A&A...572A.116P 2014A&A...572A.116P, Cat. J/A+A/572/A116).
Note (3): X-ray source matches refer to the source catalog of the Chandra Carina
Complex Project, see Townsley et al. (2011ApJS..194....1T 2011ApJS..194....1T), Broos et al.
(2011ApJS..194....2B 2011ApJS..194....2B, Cat. J/ApJS/194/2).
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 26 A26 --- Name Object name
29- 30 I2 h RAh Right ascension (J2000)
32- 33 I2 min RAm Right ascension (J2000)
35- 40 F6.3 s RAs Right ascension (J2000)
43 A1 --- DE- Declination sign (J2000)
44- 45 I2 deg DEd Declination (J2000)
47- 48 I2 arcmin DEm Declination (J2000)
50- 54 F5.2 arcsec DEs Declination (J2000)
57- 67 A11 --- Hsp H-spectrum filename in subdirectory spectrum
70- 80 A11 --- Ksp K-spectrum filename in subdirectory spectrum
83- 87 F5.2 mag mag ? Optical magnitude according to column Band
90 A1 --- Band [Gri-] G if available, r or i otherwise (1)
93- 97 F5.2 mag Jmag ? J-band magnitude (2)
100-104 F5.2 mag Hmag ? H-band magnitude (2)
107-111 F5.2 mag Ksmag ? Ks-band magnitude (2)
114-131 A18 --- CCCP CCCP match, HHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s,
CXOGNC JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s, in Simbad (3)
134-140 A7 --- SpType Spectral type of the object
143-171 A29 --- Com Comment
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Note (1): G-band value from Gaia EDR3, see Gaia Collaboration et al.
(2016A&A...595A...1G 2016A&A...595A...1G), Gaia Collaboration et al. (2021, A&A, in prep.),
Riello et al. (2021, A&A, in prep.), Gaia EDR3, Cat. I/350.
r- or i-band values from the VST Photometric Halpha Survey of the Southern
Galactic Plane, see Drew et al. (2014MNRAS.440.2036D 2014MNRAS.440.2036D, Cat. J/MNRAS/440/2036),
VPHAS+ DR2 survey, Drew et al., 2016, Cat. II/341
Note (2): Near infrared values from the VISTA Carina Nebula Survey or from
HAWK-I, see Preibisch et al. (2014A&A...572A.116P 2014A&A...572A.116P, Cat. J/A+A/572/A116),
Preibisch et al. (2011A&A...530A..34P 2011A&A...530A..34P).
Note (3): X-ray source matches refer to the source catalog of the Chandra Carina
Complex Project, see Townsley et al. (2011ApJS..194....1T 2011ApJS..194....1T), Broos et al.
(2011ApJS..194....2B 2011ApJS..194....2B, Cat. J/ApJS/194/2).
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Acknowledgements:
Thomas Preibisch, preibisch(at)usm.uni-muenchen.de
(End) T. Preibisch [Univ.-Sternwarte Muenchen], P. Vannier [CDS] 23-Feb-2021