J/A+A/633/A34 Lithium in red giant stars (Charbonnel+, 2020)
Lithium in red giant stars: Constraining non-standard mixing with large surveys
in Gaia era.
Charbonnel C., Lagarde N., Jasniewicz G., North P.L., Shetrone M.,
Krugler Hollek J., Smith V.V., Smiljanic R., Palacios A., Ottoni G.
<Astron. Astrophys. 633, A34 (2020)>
=2020A&A...633A..34C 2020A&A...633A..34C (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Stars, late-type ; Stars, giant ; Abundances
Keywords: stars: abundances - stars: evolution - surveys - stars: late-type
Abstract:
Lithium is extensively known to be a good tracer of non-standard
mixing processes occurring in stellar interiors. We present the
results of a new large Lithium survey in red giant stars and combine
it with surveys from the literature to probe the impact of
rotation-induced mixing and thermohaline double-diffusive instability
along stellar evolution. We determined the surface Li abundance for a
sample of 829 giant stars with accurate Gaia parallaxes for a large
subsample (810 stars) complemented with accurate Hipparcos parallaxes
(19 stars). The spectra of our sample of northern and southern giant
stars were obtained in three ground-based observatories (Observatoire
de Haute-Provence, ESO-La Silla, and the Mc Donald Observatory). We
determined the atmospheric parameters (Teff, log(g) and [Fe/H]), and
the Li abundance. We used Gaia parallaxes and photometry to determine
the luminosity of our objects and we estimated the mass and evolution
status of each sample star with a maximum-likelihood technique using
stellar evolution models computed with the STAREVOL code. We compared
the observed Li behaviour with predictions from stellar models,
including rotation and thermohaline mixing. The same approach was used
for stars from selected Li surveys from the literature.
Rotation-induced mixing accounts nicely for the lithium behaviour in
stars warmer than about 4200K, independently of the mass domain. For
stars with masses lower than 2M☉ thermohaline mixing leads to
further Li depletion below the Teff of the RGB bump (about 4000K), and
on the early AGB, as observed. Depending on the definition we adopt,
we find between 0.8 and 2.2% of Li-rich giants in our new sample. Gaia
puts a new spin on the understanding of mixing processes in stars, and
our study confirms the importance of rotation-induced processes and of
thermohaline mixing. However asteroseismology is required to
definitively pinpoint the actual evolution status of Li-rich giants.
Description:
The surface Li abundance was determined for a sample of 829 giant
stars with accurate Gaia parallaxes for a large subsample (810 stars)
complemented with accurate Hipparcos parallaxes (19 stars). Their
spectra were obtained in three ground-based observatories. Three
observing runs were performed at the Observatoire de Haute Provence,
from 8 September to 15 September 2003 (visitor mode), from 17 January
to 19 January, 2004 (service mode), and from 16 January to 16
February, 2004, service mode). High-resolution spectra were obtained
with the Aurelie spectrograph attached to the 1.52m telescope. Two
observing runs were performed in visitor mode at ESO- La Silla, Chile,
from 3 January to 6 January, 2004, and from 5 March to 8 March, 2004.
High resolution (R∼43000) echelle spectra were obtained with the
FEROS spectrograph attached to the MPG/ESO 2.2m telescope. Finally,
a total of 92 stars were observed at the McDonald Obser vatory with
the Otto Struve Telescope using the Sandiford Cassegrain Echelle
Spectrometer (SES) from August 2003 to May 2004 over the course of
seven observing runs. The #9 slit (1.1"x3.5") was used to yield a two
pixel resolution of 60000.
File Summary:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 156 829 Properties of giant field stars in our sample
table2a.dat 60 290 Properties of giant fields stars observed by
Luck & Hier (2007, Cat. J/AJ/133/2464)
table2b.dat 60 374 Properties of giant fields stars observed by
Liu et al. (2014, Cat. J/ApJ/785/94)
table2c.dat 73 1734 Properties of giant fields stars observed by
GALAH DR2 survey
(Buder et al., 2018MNRAS.478.4513B 2018MNRAS.478.4513B)
table3.dat 52 21 Properties of Li-rich giant fields stars in
our sample
table4a.dat 47 2 Properties of Li-rich giant fields stars observed
by Luck & Hier (2007, Cat. J/AJ/133/2464)
table4b.dat 47 6 Properties of Li-rich giant fields stars observed
by Liu et al. (2014, Cat. J/ApJ/785/94)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See also:
I/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)
J/AJ/133/2464 : Parameters and abundances of nearby giants (Luck+, 2007)
J/ApJ/785/94 : Lithium abundances of a large sample of red giants (Liu+, 2014)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 6 I6 --- HD HD number
9- 20 F12.8 deg RAdeg Right Ascension (J2000)
22- 33 F12.8 deg DEdeg Declination (J2000)
35- 38 I4 K Teff Effective temperature
40- 42 I3 K e_Teff Error on effective temperature
44- 49 F6.3 --- BCV Bolometric correction
51- 59 F9.6 [-] [Fe/H] Abundance [Fe/H]
61- 69 F9.6 [-] ALi Lithium abundance A(Li)
71- 72 I2 --- flagLi [-1/0] Flag Lithium (1)
74- 79 F6.3 mas Plxvl07 Parallax from van Leeuwen+2007 (Cat. I/311)
81- 85 F5.3 mas e_Plxvl07 Error on Plxvl07
87- 92 F6.3 [Lsun] logLvl07hip Log(L/Lsun) computed using parallaxe from
van Leeuwen+2007 (Cat. I/311) and
V magnitude from Hipparcos97 (Cat. I/239)
94- 98 F5.3 [Lsun] e_logLvl07hip Error of Lvl07hipp97
100-111 F12.6 mas PlxGaiaDR2 ?=-9999 Parallax from Gaia DR2 (Cat. I/347)
113-124 F12.6 mas e_PlxGaiaDR2 ?=-9999 Error on cf2 Plx_gaiaDR2cf2
126-130 F5.3 [Lsun] logLadopt Adopted luminosity, Log(L/Lsun)
132-136 F5.3 [Lsun] e_logLadopt Error of logLadopt
138 I1 --- f_logLadopt [0/3] Flag on the method to compute
logLadopt (2)
140-144 F5.3 Msun Mass Mass
146-150 F5.3 Msun e_Mass Error on Mass at -1σ
152-156 F5.3 Msun E_Mass Error on Mass at +1σ
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Lithium flag as follows:
0 = Li determination
-1 = Li upper limit
Note (2): Flag on the method to compute adopted luminosity as follows:
0 = {PI}DR2+VEvans18
1 = {PI}vl07+VTYCHO
2 = {PI}vl07+VHipp97
3 = {PI}DR2+VTYCHO
with DR2 = Gaia DR2, Cat. I/345
Evans18 = Evans et al., 2018A&A...616A...4E 2018A&A...616A...4E, Cat. I/345
vl07 = van Leeuwen et al., 2007 (Cat. I/311)
TYCHO = Hog et al. 2000, Cat. I/259
Hipp97 = ESA, 1997, Cat. I/239
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2[ab].dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 6 I6 --- HD HD number
8- 11 I4 K Teff Effective temperature
13- 21 F9.6 mas PlxGaiaDR2 Parallax from Gaia DR2 (Cat. I/347)
23- 30 F8.6 mas e_PlxGaiaDR2 Error on PlxGaiaDR2
32- 36 F5.3 [Lsun] logL Luminosity, Log(L/Lsun)
38- 42 F5.3 [Lsun] e_logL Error of logL
44- 48 F5.3 Msun Mass Mass
50- 54 F5.3 Msun e_Mass Error on Mass at -1σ
56- 60 F5.3 Msun E_Mass Error on Mass at +1σ
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2c.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 19 I19 --- GaiaDR2 Gaia id in DR2 (source_id)
21- 24 I4 K Teff Effective temperature
26- 34 F9.6 mas PlxGaiaDR2 Parallax from Gaia DR2 (Cat. I/347)
36- 43 F8.6 mas e_PlxGaiaDR2 Error on Plx_gaiaDR2
45- 49 F5.3 [Lsun] logL Luminosity, Log(L/Lsun)
51- 55 F5.3 [Lsun] e_logL Error of logL
57- 61 F5.3 Msun Mass Mass
63- 67 F5.3 Msun e_Mass Error on Mass at -1σ
69- 73 F5.3 Msun E_Mass Error on Mass at +1σ
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 6 I6 --- HD HD number
8- 11 I4 K Teff Effective temperature
13- 15 I3 K e_Teff Error on effective temperature
17- 22 F6.3 [Lsun] logLadopt Adopted luminosity, Log(L/Lsun)
24- 28 F5.3 [Lsun] e_logLadopt Error of logLadopt
30- 33 F4.1 [-] FeH Abundance [Fe/H]
35- 37 F3.1 [-] ALi Lithium abundance A(Li)
39- 42 F4.2 Msun Mass Mass
44- 47 F4.2 Msun e_Mass Error on Mass at -1σ
49- 52 F4.2 Msun E_Mass Error on Mass at +1σ
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4a.dat table4b.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 6 I6 --- HD HD number
8- 11 I4 K Teff Effective temperature
13- 16 F4.2 [Lsun] logLadopt Log(L/Lsun)
18- 21 F4.2 [Lsun] e_logLadopt Error of Ladopt
23- 27 F5.2 [-] [Fe/H] Abundance [Fe/H]
29- 32 F4.2 [-] ALi Lithium abundance A(Li)
34- 37 F4.2 Msun Mass Mass
39- 42 F4.2 Msun e_Mass Error on Mass at -1σ
44- 47 F4.2 Msun E_Mass Error on Mass at +1σ
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Acknowledgements:
Corinne Charbonnel, Corinne.Charbonnel(at)unige.ch
(End) Nadege Lagarde [France], Patricia Vannier [CDS] 20-Dec-2019