III/227 General Catalog of galactic Carbon stars, 3d Ed. (Alksnis+ 2001)
A general catalogue of galactic carbon stars by C.B. Stephenson. Third edition.
Alksnis A., Balklavs A., Dzervitis U., Eglitis I., Paupers O., Pundure I.
<Baltic Astronomy, 10, 1 (2001)>
=2001BaltA..10....1A 2001BaltA..10....1A
ADC_Keywords: Stars, carbon ;
Keywords: catalogs - Stars: carbon, fundamental parameters
Description:
This is a corrected and slightly modified machine-readable version of
the Catalogue (Table1 of the paper) published in the Baltic Astronomy,
10, No 1/2, 2001 (and the Errata in vol. 10, p. 461). The catalog is
an updated and revised version of Stephenson's Catalogue of Galactic
Cool Carbon Stars (2nd edition) (Cat. III/156).
File Summary:
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File name Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
catalog.dat 137 6891 General catalogue of galactic carbon stars
remarks.dat 80 1867 Individual remarks
lists.dat 192 278 Abbreviations and References
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Byte-by-byte Description of files: catalog.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 9 A9 --- Jname Star designation (based on J2000 position)
12- 15 I4 --- CGCS CGCS number (1)
18- 19 I2 h RAh Right ascension (J2000.0) (2)
21- 22 I2 min RAm Right ascension J2000.0)
24- 27 F4.1 s RAs Right ascension J2000.0)
30 A1 --- DE- [-+] Declination sign
31- 32 I2 deg DEd Declination J2000.0)
34- 35 I2 arcmin DEm Declination J2000.0)
37- 38 I2 arcsec DEs Declination J2000.0)
41 A1 --- l_Bmag [<] limit flag on B
42- 45 F4.1 mag Bmag ? B magnitude (3)
46 A1 --- u_Bmag [:] uncertainty flag on B
49- 52 F4.1 mag Vmag ? V magnitude (4)
53 A1 --- u_Vmag [:] uncertainty flag on V
56- 59 F4.1 mag irmag ? red or near-IR magnitude (5)
60 A1 --- n_irmag [rRJHKL ] IR band
61 A1 --- u_irmag [:] uncertainty flag on ir
64- 68 F5.1 deg GLON Galactic longitude
70- 74 F5.1 deg GLAT Galactic latitude
77- 94 A18 --- Sp ? Spectral type (6)
95-128 A34 --- Names Designations (7)
129-136 A8 --- Notes ? Notes (8)
137 I1 --- Pr ? Precision class of the coordinates (9)
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Note (1): This is the number from the first column of the catalog from the
2nd edition (CGCCS, Cat. III/156). We have not introduced a new
running number to avoid overcrowding of identifiers for an object. For
new entries the running numbers begin with No. 6001 and are given in
the sequence of R.A. (J2000).
Note (2):
In case of multiple finding lists, the coordinates are averages from
multiple sources, heavily weighted in favour of the most accurate, if
any. When Ste (for Stephenson) is included among the designations,
the star has almost invariably been measured for position at the
Warner and Swasey Obs. on one or even more objective-prism plates,
with a resulting precision of 1-2". The astrometric reduction
procedure used by Stephenson is explained in Publs. Warner and Swasey
Obs. Vol. 2, No. 4, Sec. II. More than 2000 stars of the catalog have
post CCCS position determinations done at the Warner and Swasey
Observatory.
The coordinates are given to 0.1 sec in RA and 1 arcsec in DEC,
notwithstanding the precision class of the position of the object.
The estimated precision of the coordinates is indicated in the last
column. For many stars of CGCCS the equatorial coordinates have been
improved on the basis of new determinations, e.g., by Aaronson et al.
(1989ApJS...70..637A 1989ApJS...70..637A, 1990ApJS...73..841A 1990ApJS...73..841A), MacConnell (2000, Priv.
Comm.), Maehara & Soyano (1988AnTok..22...59M 1988AnTok..22...59M, 1990PNAOJ...1..207M 1990PNAOJ...1..207M),
Soyano & Maehara (1991PNAOJ...2..203M 1991PNAOJ...2..203M, 1993PNAOJ...3..259S 1993PNAOJ...3..259S,
1999PNAOJ...5..149S 1999PNAOJ...5..149S).
For more than 300 carbon stars equatorial coordinates were taken from
the Hipparcos Catalogue (I/239) after approximation to the format of
this catalog. These stars can be recognized as bright stars with the
highest precision class 0 in the last column of the catalog.
Note (3):
B magnitudes essentially all come from photographic plates; thousands
of them are based only upon an average plate calibration used for an
entire survey. Thus the magnitudes are almost never accurate to 0.1
mag, to which they are commonly given, and errors of over a whole
magnitude should be common, even discounting variability.
Note (4):
V magnitudes essentially all come from photographic plates; For some
stars V magnitudes from Paupers et al. (1993BaltA...2..268P 1993BaltA...2..268P) are used.
Note (5):
The infrared magnitudes are normally the sort defined by a Kodak
N-type photographic plate exposed through a filter similar to the
Schott RG8 or 695 filter. Such infrared magnitudes are close to the
system of Kron & Smith (1951ApJ...113..324K 1951ApJ...113..324K), and have now been
published for several thousand carbon stars.
Note (6):
This column displays the earliest more reliable determinations of
spectral type in the R/N notation. Here also are classifications in
the scheme of Morgan & Keenan (1941ApJ....94..501K 1941ApJ....94..501K); this scheme is
still a good compact description of the spectrum. Sources of quoted
classifications are coded here in parentheses.
Below we list abbreviations for papers consisting mainly of
reobservation of stars selected from finding lists:
Bidun Bidelman, unpublished.
De Dean (1976AJ.....81..364D 1976AJ.....81..364D).
HD, HDE Henry Draper Catalogue and the extensions (Cat. III/135).
The second extension, HA 112, is cited as CannMay49..
Her52 Herbig (1952, Trans. I.A.U., Vol. 8, 807).
IRAS C Little-Marenin et al. (1987AJ.....93..663L 1987AJ.....93..663L)
K-M Keenan & Morgan (1941ApJ....94..501K 1941ApJ....94..501K)
Lund21 Lundmark (1921PASP...33..314).
San41 Sanford (1941PASP...53..291S 1941PASP...53..291S).
San Sanford (1944ApJ....99..145S 1944ApJ....99..145S).
Sh Shane (1928, Bull. Lick Obs., 13, 123).
War Warner (1963MNRAS.126...61W 1963MNRAS.126...61W).
WPB Bidelman (1954ApJS....1..175B 1954ApJS....1..175B).
Yam Yamashita (1972AnTok..13..169Y 1972AnTok..13..169Y, 1975AnTok..15...47Y 1975AnTok..15...47Y).
Carbon star candidates in this column are marked by lower case c
(Guglielmo et al., 1998A&A...334..609G 1998A&A...334..609G and references therein).
Note (7):
This column gives the star's occurence in various finding lists,
including unpublished ones. Some CCCS stars repeated here are still
called unpublished, which means only that I had no reference to a
separate publication when the CCCS went to press. For some of those
stars, the CCCS is the only place they have been published; for
others, they have since appeared in separate lists by their
discoverers. In the latter case I have sometimes changed the
discoverer designation to reflect separate subsequent publication, and
sometimes not; in the great majority of cases, CCCS stars there called
unpublished have since been confirmed in other surveys.
There are finding lists with no special concentration on carbon stars.
These are the Bright Star Catalog number, cited, as in all editions of
the Bright Star Catalog, as an HR number (and usually put at the head
of the list); HD or HDE numbers (listed as a number without other
characters); BD or CD numbers in a notation close to the usual one;
and the GCVS designation. The intent was to give CD numbers only if
the CD magnitude is 9.5 or brighter. Any CPD (Cape Photographic
Durchmusterung) nos. in the catalog are inadvertent unless spelled out
as such, a fact due to the circumstance that carbon stars are red
stars and the CD is red-biased, not only relative to the CPD but even,
though this does not appear to be widely known, relative to the BD.
Other finding lists: an explanation for the coding of these are in the
"lists.dat" file. The largest unpublished lists are by Stephenson
(Ste), a combination of stars now published in the CCCS and infrared
survey products appearing in the present catalog; Sanduleak (Sndlk),
whose entries are almost exclusively confined to CCCS stars; Victor
Blanco (VB); and MacConnell (MacCon). Although there are several
published MacConnell lists cited here, some of the MacCons may have
since become separately published; but see also the special note under
MacCon in the lists.dat file.
Coding: Whenever a number appears separated from the initial part of
the designation by a blank space, the number is a published one
assigned by the corresponding discoverer, hyphens if any separating
table numbers from numbers within tables. Numbers following alphabetic
abbreviations without a blank space represent the year of publication
where this was for some reason helpful to me (generally, where the
same author has produced more than one paper). So "Kurt88 4" means
star No. 4 in a table of carbon stars in Westerlund (1988,
Astrofizika, 29, 405).
The meaning of the abbreviations are in the "lists.dat" file.
Here some comments on some abbreviations:
D : The Dearborn Observatory objective-prism surveys for red stars.
The carbon stars thus found were abstracted as lists of
exclusively carbon stars, in the papers just cited, and were
duplicated in longer lists containing all red stars found; the
D numbers given in the catalog refer to the short lists, with one
or two exceptions spelled out in the notes to the table.
The notes also refer in other contexts to the "longer" Dearborn
lists, with the meaning just explained. The "short" list numbers
for carbon stars are continuous from paper to paper.
Hen : Rybski (1972, unpublished). Most of the carbon stars discussed by
Rybski were found on objective-prism plates by Henize, and by
him assigned the numbers which Rybski refers to as Hen numbers
and Stephenson quote in the catalog. There is no connection between
these Hen numbers and others occurring in the literature -- even
in the case of the occasional Hen numbers for carbon stars cited
by Wray (1966, unpublished), who however, also assigns his own
numbers and which are quoted in the catalog as Wray.
Krum : L.E. Krumenaker, unpublished. At Warner and Swasey we had by 1972
taken duplicate objective-prism plates of the northern Milky Way
for about half of the fields surveyed by Hamburg in the
Hamburg-Cleveland survey for luminous stars in the Northern
Milky Way. Although carbon stars were identified and measured
for position by the Hamburg workers, and eventually published
(Hardorp et al., 1973A&A....22..129H 1973A&A....22..129H), the Hamburg limiting
magnitude for carbon stars was not very faint (cf. Hardorp et
al., 1973A&A....22..129H 1973A&A....22..129H ). Hence Krumenaker searched for carbon
stars on the new Case material already mentioned. On the other
hand, the mag. limit for R/N classification is already fairly
uniform between Hamburg and Cleveland (Stephenson,
1989PW&SO...3...53S 1989PW&SO...3...53S).
Kub : W.R. Kubinec, unpublished. These carbon stars are discussed by
Kbinec, without position data, in 1989PW&SO...3...53S 1989PW&SO...3...53S. He
measured the approximate positions specially for the catalog.
NassCol : The numerical C types quoted from this paper are defined in the
paper; they essentially describe the CN strength, and the
redness, of the spectrum in the infrared.
Note (8):
Four symbols were introduced in the CCCS and are retained here:
(1) An asterisk indicates that the catalog equates two or more data in
literal contradiction to one or more papers cited; for example, a much
later paper may be reporting a new carbon star already so identified
in a much earlier paper, which implies that perhaps there are two
carbon stars in the area. This was a natural flag to use in the CCCS,
where carbon stars were mainly reported in a few large and well-known
surveys. It is no longer natural now, where the main pre-publication
comparison has been with the CCCS, and there have meanwhile been many
relatively short lists. Thus, I have added few if any new asterisks.
Finally, a single asterisk meant that my fusing of two or more reports
was based on coordinates alone, without any plate re-examination. In
fact, many or most of these cases have now been routinely re-examined
through later, systematic, surveys; but I have retained the asterisk
to show the historical order.
(2) A double asterisk means the same as a single one, except that I have
specially re-examined plates with the identification problem in mind.
As in (1), many of these have been further checked routinely by later,
systematic surveys, where the finding of only one star allows the
strong presumption that only one carbon star is involved. There are
few or no new double asterisks in the present edition.
(3) A plus sign signals a GCVS identification made by me by comparing an
objective prism plate with a published identification chart. These,
too, are mostly holdovers from the CCCS, because the host of more
accurate coordinates for carbon stars in the present edition usually
restricts any challenge to identifying a carbon star with a GCVS
cool-giant variability type to the question (at least on deep plates):
is there any other banded spectrum near the carbon star?
(4) An R signals further remarks at the end of the catalog.
The object of the remarks is twofold. First, remarks are intended as
an extension to the entries Designations and Spectrum of the catalog
comprising matter for which there was no place in the catalog. Second,
remarks contain information about considerable disagreement in the
position of a star determined by different authors or cases when there
is some doubt if the data refer to the same star. We repeat
Stephenson's remarks, although in a shortened form, in which he
confirms discoveries or points to certain spectral and photometric
peculiarities (outstanding spectral lines and bands, very red color
etc.). Also we indicate the cases when a carbon star lies in the sky
within boundaries of some star clusters and note conclusions about the
membership, if possible. Also the stars with such distinguishing
features as circumstellar silicate envelopes, detached gas and dust
shells, maser emission, binarity and bipolar molecular outflows are
marked.
Note (9):
Estimated precision class of the equatorial coordinates of the star:
0-1 for ±0.1 arcsec,
2 for ±1 arcsec,
3 for ±0.1 arcmin.
Values of the precision class have been estimated by comparing
coordinates of the stars determined by different authors. The highest
precision class 0 was assigned only to the positions determined by
Hipparcos, by MacConnell (2000, Priv. Comm) and for dwarf carbon stars.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: remarks.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 9 A9 --- Jname Star designation (based on J2000 position)
12- 15 I4 --- CGCS CGCS number, as in catalog.dat file
17- 80 A64 --- Rem Text of the remark
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: lists.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 15 A15 --- Code Reference list abbreviation, or blank
17- 35 A19 --- BibCode BibCode
37- 61 A25 --- Aut Author names
63-192 A130 --- Com Comments
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(End) Veta Avedisova [INASAN] 31-May-2001