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J/MNRAS/389/925     Triple and quadruple stars               (Tokovinin, 2008)
Comparative statistics and origin of triple and quadruple stars.
    Tokovinin A.
   <Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 389, 925-938 (2008)>
   =2008MNRAS.389..925T
ADC_Keywords: Stars, double and multiple ; Stars, masses

Keywords: binaries: close - binaries: general - stars: formation -
          stars: statistics

Abstract:
    The statistics of catalogued quadruple stars consisting of two
    binaries (hierarchy 2+2), is studied in comparison with triple
    stars, with respective sample sizes of 81 and 725. Seven
    representative quadruple systems are discussed in greater detail.

Description:
    The statistical samples of multiple stars containing a 2+1
    hierarchical structure (triple, table 2) and 2+2 structure (quadruple,
    table 3) are given. The data are extracted from the updated
    Multiple-Star Catalog,
    http://www.ctio.noao.edu/~atokovin/stars/index.php
    (see also Tokovinin, 1997, Cat. J/A+AS/124/75).

File Summary:

       FileName      Lrecl  Records   Explanations

ReadMe            80        .   This file
table2.dat        57      725   Triple stars
table3.dat        71       81   Quadruple stars
notes.dat         80      172   Individual notes


See also:
    J/A+AS/124/75 : Multiple star catalogue (MSC) (Tokovinin 1997-1999)
    B/wds : The Washington Visual Double Star Catalog (Mason+ 2001-2010)


Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat

   Bytes Format Units     Label     Explanations

   1- 10  A10   ---       WDS       WDS J2000 name
  13- 17  F5.2  [d]       logPL     Outer period
  19- 23  F5.2  [d]       logPS     Inner period
  25- 29  F5.2  solMass   Mass1     Primary mass
      31  A1    ---       n_Mass1   [a*mvq] Mass code for Mass1 (G1)
  33- 37  F5.2  solMass   Mass2     Secondary mass
      39  A1    ---       n_Mass2   [a*m] Mass code for Mass2 (G1)
  41- 45  F5.2  solMass   Mass3     Tertiary mass
      47  A1    ---       n_Mass3   [a*mvq] Mass code for Mass3 (G1)
  50- 55  F6.1  mas       plx       Parallax
      57  A1    ---       n_WDS     [*] * indicates a note in notes.dat file


Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat

   Bytes Format Units     Label     Explanations

   1- 10  A10   ---       WDS       WDS J2000 name
      11  A1    ---       f_WDS     [*] 17146+1423 corrected into 17146+1424
  13- 17  F5.2  [d]       logPL     Outer period
  19- 23  F5.2  [d]       logPS1    Inner period 1
  25- 29  F5.2  [d]       logPS2    Inner period 2
  31- 35  F5.2  solMass   Mass11    Primary mass 1
      37  A1    ---       n_Mass11  [*a] Mass code for Mass11 (G1)
  39- 43  F5.2  solMass   Mass12    Secondary mass 1
      45  A1    ---       n_Mass12  [*asqmv:] Mass code for Mass12 (G1)
  47- 51  F5.2  solMass   Mass21    Primary mass 2
      53  A1    ---       n_Mass21  [*a] Mass code for Mass21 (G1)
  55- 59  F5.2  solMass   Mass22    Secondary mass 2
      61  A1    ---       n_Mass22  [*asqmv:] Mass code for Mass22 (G1)
  65- 69  F5.1  mas       plx       Parallax
      71  A1    ---       n_WDS     [*] * indicates a note in notes.dat file


Byte-by-byte Description of file: notes.dat

   Bytes Format Units   Label     Explanations

   1- 10  A10   --      WDS       WDS J2000 name
  12- 80  A69   ---     Note      Text of the note (1)

Note (1): Abbreviations used mean:
     SB = spectroscopic binary
    SB1 = single-lined spectroscopic binary
    SB2 = double-lined spectroscopic binary
     VB = visual binary
     EB = eclipsing binary
    CPM = common-proper-motion pair
    PMS = pre-Main Sequence


Global notes:

Note (G1): Mass codes as follows::
      * = masses from orbit, isochrone fitting etc.
      a = estimated from spectral type or B-V color index from Allen's tables
      s = sum of masses for the sub-system(s)
      q = estimated from primary mass and mass ratio of SB2
      m = minimum secondary mass for SB1
      v = estimated from magnitude difference of a visual binary
      : = uncertain, magnitude difference assumed to be 2mag


History:
    From electronic version of the journal
(End)                                      Patricia Vannier [CDS]    09-Feb-2010