Access to Astronomical Catalogues

J/ApJ/690/837     CN and CO observations toward AGB stars         (Milam+, 2009)
Circumstellar 12c/13c isotope ratios from millimeter observations of CN and
CO: mixing in carbon- and oxygen-rich stars.
    Milam S.N., Woolf N.J., Ziurys L.M.
   <Astrophys. J., 690, 837-849 (2009)>
   =2009ApJ...690..837M
ADC_Keywords: Stars, carbon ; Stars, giant ; Spectra, millimetric/submm ;
              Radio lines ; Line Profiles
Keywords: astrobiology - astrochemistry - line: profiles - nuclear reactions,
          nucleosynthesis, abundances - radio lines: stars - stars: AGB and
          post-AGB

Abstract:
    A survey of the 12C/13C ratio toward circumstellar envelopes has
    been conducted at millimeter wavelengths using the facilities of the
    Arizona Radio Observatory (ARO). The ratios were obtained for a sample
    of 18 local C- and O-rich asymptotic giant branch and supergiant stars
    from observations of the 12C and 13C isotopologues of CO and CN,
    respectively. The J=1->0 transitions of both molecules were observed
    at λ=3mm using the ARO 12m telescope, while the J=2->1 lines of
    the two species were measured using the ARO Sub-Millimeter Telescope
    (SMT) at λ=1mm. The 12C/13C ratios were determined from the
    CO data by modeling both transitions simultaneously with a
    circumstellar radiative transfer code, which can account for the high
    opacities present in the emission from this species. In the case of
    CN, the hyperfine structure was used to evaluate opacity effects.
    Ratios obtained independently from CO and CN are in good agreement.

Description:
    The measurements were conducted during the period 2003 October through
    2007 June at λ=1 and 3mm using the facilities of the Arizona
    Radio Observatory (ARO): the Kitt Peak 12m and Sub-Millimeter
    Telescope (SMT) on Mt. Graham, AZ.

File Summary:

       FileName      Lrecl  Records   Explanations

ReadMe            80        .   This file
table2.dat        99       23   Source parameters
table4.dat        67      344   Observed line parameters for CN


See also:
   J/A+A/390/501  : Millimetre observations of carbon stars. I. (Groenewegen+,
                    2002)
   J/A+A/390/511  : Millimetre observations of carbon stars. II. (Groenewegen+,
                    2002)
   J/A+AS/107/445 : Envelopes of oxygen-rich AGB stars (Hashimoto, 1994)
   J/A+A/275/163  : Luminous Carbon stars in Galactic Plane (Kastner+ 1993)


Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat

   Bytes Format Units   Label     Explanations

   1- 11  A11   ---     Source    Source designation
      13  A1    ---     El        [CO=] Overabundant element, or = if C ≃ O
  15- 26  A12   ---     Class     Class of star (AGB, supergiant, or proto-PN)
  29- 30  I2    h       RAh       Hour of right ascension (B1950)
  32- 33  I2    min     RAm       Minute of right ascension (B1950)
  35- 38  F4.1  s       RAs       Second of right ascension (B1950)
      40  A1    ---     DE-       Declination sign (B1950)
  41- 42  I2    deg     DEd       Degree of declination (B1950)
  44- 45  I2    arcmin  DEm       Arcminute of declination (B1950)
  47- 48  I2    arcsec  DEs       Arcsecond of declination (B1950)
  50- 53  F4.2  ---     C/O       Carbon to Oxygen ratio
      55  A1    ---     r_C/O     [cd] Origin of value (1)
  57- 60  I4    pc      Dist      Heliocentric distance
  62- 67  I6    Lsun    Lum       Luminosity of star
  69- 73  I5    K       Teff      Effective temperature
      74  A1    ---     n_Teff    [b] indicates an assumed Teff
  76- 81  E6.2  cm      Rad       Radius of star
  83- 88  E6.2  Msun/yr Mdot      Mass loss
  90- 99  A10   ---     Ref       References (2)

Note (1):
  c = from Bergeat & Chevallier  (2005A&A...429..235B)
  d = from Duari & Hatchell  (2000A&A...358L..25D)
Note (2): references are numbered as follows:
      1 = Ivezic & Elitzur (1995ApJ...445..415I)
      2 = Fong et al. (2006ApJ...652.1626F)
      3 = Teyssier et al. (2006A&A...450..167T)
      4 = Skinner et al. (1997A&A...328..290S)
      5 = Truong-Bach et al. (1990A&A...230..431T)
      6 = Jaminet et al. (1992ApJ...400..535J)
      7 = Bergeat & Chevallier (2005A&A...429..235B)
      8 = Agundez & Cernicharo (2006ApJ...650..374A)
      9 = Bujarrabal et al. (1989A&A...219..256B)
     10 = van Loon et al. (2005A&A...438..273V)
     11 = Bujarrabal et al. (1994A&A...285..247B)
     12 = Levesque et al. (2005ApJ...628..973L)
     13 = Humphreys et al. (2007AJ....133.2716H)
     14 = Greaves & Holland (1997A&A...327..342G)
     15 = Olofsson et al. (1991A&A...245..611O)
     16 = Cherchneff (2006A&A...456.1001C)
     17 = Zubko & Elitzur (2000ApJ...544L.137Z)
     18 = Zubko et al. (2004ApJ...610..427Z)
     19 = Duari et al. (1999A&A...341L..47D)


Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat

   Bytes Format Units   Label    Explanations

   1- 10  A10   ---     Source   Source designation
      12  A1    ---     Res      [ef] Note when resolution differs from 1MHz (1)
  14- 17  A4    ---     Iso      Isotopologue
  19- 20  A2    ---     QN       Quantum number label (F, F1, F2, J or N)
  22- 24  A3    ---     Qu       Upper state quantum number
  26- 28  A3    ---     Ql       Lower state quantum number
      30  A1    ---     bl       [bc] blended (b) or partially blended (c)
      32  A1    ---     l_Int    [≲ ] Limit or approximate flag on Int
  33- 38  F6.4  K       Int      ? Intensity (2)
  40- 44  F5.3  K       e_Int    ? Error in Int
      46  A1    ---     u_delV   [∼ ] Approximate flag on delV
  47- 50  F4.1  km/s    delV     ? Linewidth ΔV
  52- 54  F3.1  km/s    e_delV   ? Error in delV
      56  A1    ---     u_VLSR   [∼ ] Approximate flag on VLSR
  57- 61  F5.1  km/s    VLSR     ? Local Standard of Rest velocity
      63  A1    ---     f_VLSR   [d] d = Assumed value.
  65- 67  F3.1  km/s    e_VLSR   ? Error in VLSR

Note (1): All values measured from 1MHz resolution unless:
    e = 2MHz resolution;
    f = N=2-1 data from 12m, with resolution of 0.782MHz.
Note (2): TR* for 12m data (N=1-0) and TA* for SMT (N=2-1)
    unless otherwise noted.


History:
    From electronic version of the journal
(End)                 Greg Schwarz [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS]    18-Feb-2011