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J/ApJ/689/377   SNe Ia as NIR standard candles from PAIRITEL (Wood-Vasey+, 2008)
Type Ia supernovae are good standard candles in the near infrared: evidence
from PAIRITEL.
    Wood-Vasey W.M., Friedman A.S., Bloom J.S., Hicken M., Modjaz M.,
    Kirshner R.P., Starr D.L., Blake C.H., Falco E.E., Szentgyorgyi A.H.,
    Challis P., Blondin S., Mandel K.S., Rest A.
   <Astrophys. J., 689, 377-390 (2008)>
   =2008ApJ...689..377W
ADC_Keywords: Photometry, infrared ; Supernovae

Keywords: distance scale - supernovae: general


Abstract:
    We have obtained 1087 NIR (JHKs) measurements of 21 SNe Ia using
    PAIRITEL, nearly doubling the number of well-sampled NIR SN Ia light
    curves. These data strengthen the evidence that SNe Ia are excellent
    standard candles in the NIR, even without correction for optical
    light-curve shape. We construct fiducial NIR templates for normal SNe
    Ia from our sample, excluding only the three known peculiar SNe Ia: SN
    2005bl, SN 2005hk, and SN 2005ke. The H-band absolute magnitudes in
    this sample of 18 SNe Ia have an intrinsic rms of only 0.15mag with
    no correction for light-curve shape. We found a relationship between
    the H-band extinction and optical color excess of AH=0.2E(B-V).
    This variation is as small as the scatter in distance modulus
    measurements currently used for cosmology based on optical light
    curves after corrections for light-curve shape. Combining the
    homogeneous PAIRITEL measurements with 23 SNe Ia from the literature,
    these 41 SNe Ia have standard H-band magnitudes with an rms scatter
    of 0.16mag. The good match of our sample with the literature sample
    suggests there are few systematic problems with the photometry.

Description:
    We present 1087 near-infrared (JHKs; 1.2,1.6,2.2um) measurements with
    a signal-to-noise ratio (S/N)>3 of 21 nearby SNe Ia obtained from 2005
    to 2007 using the f/13.5 1.3m PAIRITEL (wich uses the northern
    telescope of the 2MASS) at the F. L. Whipple Observatory on Mount
    Hopkins in Arizona (see table 1).

File Summary:

       FileName      Lrecl  Records   Explanations

ReadMe            80        .   This file
table1.dat        60       47   SN Ia JHKs peak magnitudes
table2.dat        40     1785   Light curve table
table3.dat        70       47   Apparent standard H-band magnitudes of Type Ia
                             supernovae


See also:
   II/189 : Magnitude Observations of Type I Supernovae (Cadonau+ 1990)
   J/A+A/317/423    : Revised photometry of SNIa (Patat, 1997)
   J/MNRAS/369/1880 : Photometry of SN 2003cg (Elias-Rosa+, 2006)
   J/ApJ/645/488    : SN type Ia luminosities (Wang+, 2006)
   J/MNRAS/377/1531 : Optical + infrared photometry of SN 2004eo (Pastorello+,
                      2007)
   J/MNRAS/376/1301 : UBVRI light-curves of SN 2005cf (Pastorello+, 2007)
   J/MNRAS/384/107  : VRIJHK photometry of SN 2002cv (Elias-Rosa+, 2008)
   J/A+A/477/717    : Spectroscopy of Type Ia supernovae (Bronder+, 2008)
   J/A+A/523/A7     : Light curves of type Ia supernovae in SNLS (Guy+, 2010)
   J/ApJS/190/418   : Light curves for 165 SNe (Ganeshalingam+, 2010)
   J/MNRAS/406/782  : Type Ia supernovae luminosities (Sullivan+, 2010)


Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat

   Bytes Format Units   Label     Explanations

   1-  2  A2    ---     ---       [SN]
   4-  9  A6    ---     SN        Supernova designation
      11  A1    ---     f_SN      [c] excluded SN (1)
  13- 17  F5.2  mag     Jpk       ? J-band peak magnitude (2)
  19- 22  F4.2  mag     e_Jpk     ? Jpk uncertainty
  24- 28  F5.2  mag     Hpk       ? H-band peak magnitude (2)
  30- 33  F4.2  mag     e_Hpk     ? Hpk uncertainty
  35- 39  F5.2  mag     Kspk      ? Ks-band peak magnitude (2)
  41- 44  F4.2  mag     e_Kspk    ? Kspk uncertainty
  46- 47  I2    ---     NJ        ? Number of epochs in J light curve (3)
  49- 50  I2    ---     NH        ? Number of epochs in H light curve (3)
  52- 53  I2    ---     NKs       ? Number of epochs in Ks light curve (3)
  55- 59  A5    ---     Ref       Reference(s) (4)
      60  A1    ---     f_Ref     [d] reference not used (5)

Note (1): The fast-declining, unusual SN 2005bl, SN 2005hk, and SN 2005ke were
          excluded from the template generation. When fit with the H-band
          template they are clearly rejected as outliers with χ2/dof>3.
          See Fig. 3 for a visual comparison of the H-band light curves of these
          dromedary SNe Ia compared with the H-band template.
Note (2): Magnitudes of the maximum observed magnitude in JHKs. Magnitude errors
          are 1σ symmetric errors.
Note (3): Number of epochs with S/N>3 in the JHKs light curves, respectively.

Note (4): References as follows:
   1 = PAIRITEL photometry; this paper;
   2 = Jha et al. 1999ApJS..125...73J;
   3 = Hernandez et al. 2000MNRAS.319..223H;
   4 = Krisciunas et al. 2000ApJ...539..658K;
   5 = Di Paola et al. 2002A&A...393L..21D;
   6 = Valentini et al. 2003ApJ...595..779V;
   7 = Krisciunas et al. 2003AJ....125..166K;
   8 = Krisciunas et al. 2004ApJ...602L..81K;
   9 = Krisciunas et al. 2004AJ....127.1664K;
  10 = Krisciunas et al. 2007AJ....133...58K;
  11 = Elias-Rosa et al. 2006, Cat. J/MNRAS/369/1880;
  12 = Elias-Rosa et al. 2008, Cat. J/MNRAS/384/107;
  13 = Pastorello et al. 2007, Cat. J/MNRAS/377/1531;
  14 = Stanishev et al. 2007A&A...469..645S;
  15 = Pignata et al. 2008MNRAS.388..971P;
  16 = Krisciunas et al. 2001AJ....122.1616K;
  17 = Taubenberger et al. 2008MNRAS.385...75T
Note (5): Because we had data from PAIRITEL on these SNe Ia we did not take
     advantage of the photometry of SN 2005cf provided in Pastorello et al.
     (2007, Cat. J/MNRAS/376/1301) or that of SN 2006X provided in Wang et
     al. (2008ApJ...675..626W).


Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat

   Bytes Format Units   Label     Explanations

   1-  2  A2    ---     ---       [SN]
   4-  9  A6    ---     SN        Supernova designation
  11- 19  F9.3  d       MJD       Modified Julian Date of observation
  21- 22  A2    ---     Filt      Filter passband of observation (H, J, K, Ks)
  24- 31  F8.2  ---     F25       Flux normalized to a zeropoint of 25 (1)
  33- 40  F8.2  ---     e_F25     Error in F25

Note (1): i.e. the calibrated 2MASS magnitude is mag=-2.5log10(flux)+25.



Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat

   Bytes Format Units   Label     Explanations

   1-  2  A2    ---     ---       [SN]
   4-  9  A6    ---     SN        Supernova designation
  11- 15  I5    km/s    cz        ? NED host galaxy redshift corrected (1)
  17- 20  I4    km/s    e_cz      ? cz uncertainty
  22- 26  F5.3  mag     e_mu      ? Distance modulus uncertainty (2)
  28- 34  F7.1  d       tBmax     ? MJD time of B-band maximum
  36- 40  F5.2  mag     HBmax     ? H-band apparent magnitude at B-band maximum
                                  corrected from extinction (3)
  42- 45  F4.2  mag     e_HBmax   ? HBmax uncertainty
  47- 51  F5.2  mag     chi2      ? χ2/dof
  53- 54  I2    ---     dof       ? Number of degrees of freedom (4)
  56- 59  F4.2  ---     AV        ? Visual absorption
  61- 65  F5.2  mag     mu        ? Distance modulus (5)
  67- 70  F4.2  ---     sigma     ? Quadrature sum (6)

Note (1): Redshift of host galaxies as corrected to CMB frame with the
          additional correction of Virgo member NGC 4501 (host of SN 1999cl)
          from its observed CMB-corrected recession velocity (2281km/s) to the
          mean recession velocity of Virgo (957km/s).
Note (2): A peculiar velocity (σvel) of 150km/s and the individual
          redshift measurement uncertainty of e_cz was converted into an
          equivalent distance modulus uncertainty using Eq. (1):
          σµ(vel)=5/zln10((σvel/c)2+σz2)^0.5
          See section 5 for further details.
Note (3): An H-band extinction correction of AH=0.06AV has been applied to
          the magnitudes obtained by fitting to the template. See section 6 for
          details.
Note (4): The number of degrees of freedom (dof) is the number of H-band data
          points minus 1 for the overall offset fit parameter, HBmax.
Note (5): µ=HBmax-MHBmax where MHBmax is the absolute H-band
          magnitude of a SN Ia at B-band maximum light. Assuming H0=72km/s/Mpc
          and thus MH=-18.07±0.03mag.
Note (6): Quadrature sum of peculiar velocity distance modulus uncertainty (col.
          sigmu) and fit uncertainty (col. e_HBmax).


History:
    From electronic version of the journal
(End)                 Greg Schwarz [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS]    21-Jan-2011