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J/AJ/142/51         Galactic Cepheids abundance variations         (Luck+, 2011)
The distribution of the elements in the Galactic disk.
II. Azimuthal and radial variation in abundances from Cepheids.
    Luck R.E., Andrievsky S.M., Kovtyukh V.V., Gieren W., Graczyk D.
   <Astron. J., 142, 51 (2011)>
   =2011AJ....142...51L
ADC_Keywords:  Stars, variable; Abundances

Keywords: Galaxy: abundances - Galaxy: evolution - stars: abundances -
          stars: variables: Cepheids

Abstract:
    This paper reports on the spectroscopic investigation of 101 Cepheids
    in the Carina region. These Cepheids extend previous samples by about
    35% in number and increase the amount of the Galactic disk coverage
    especially in the direction of l≈270°. The new Cepheids do not
    add much information to the radial gradient, but provide a substantial
    increase in azimuthal coverage. We find no azimuthal dependence in
    abundance over an 80° angle from the Galactic center in an annulus
    of 1kpc depth centered on the Sun. A simple linear fit to the Cepheid
    data yields a gradient d[Fe/H]/dRG=-0.055±0.003dex/kpc which is
    somewhat shallower than found from our previous, smaller Cepheid
    sample.

Description:
    High signal-to-noise spectra were obtained in the period 2010 March
    25-April 1 using the 2.2m MPG telescope and FEROS spectrograph at ESO
    La Silla.

File Summary:

       FileName      Lrecl  Records   Explanations

ReadMe            80        .   This file
table1.dat        82      102   Program stars
table2.dat        59      102   Stellar parameter and iron abundance details
table3.dat        82      182   Distance information for Cepheids in Papers I-VI
table4.dat       185      270   Abundance data for Cepheids: Carbon (Z=6) through
                             gadolinium (Z=64)


See also:
    J/A+A/392/491 : Galactic abundance gradient. III. (Andrievsky+, 2002)
    J/A+A/381/32  : Galactic Cepheid abundances (Andrievsky+, 2002)
    J/A+A/413/159 : Galactic abundance gradient. V. (Andrievsky+, 2004)
    J/AJ/132/902  : Abundances of 54 Cepheids (Luck+, 2006)


Byte-by-byte Description of file: table[13].dat

   Bytes Format Units       Label    Explanations

   1-  9  A9    ---         Name     Cepheid name
  11- 16  A6    ---         Type     Cepheid type (1)
  18- 23  F6.3  d           P        Period (2)
  25- 29  F5.2  mag         VMAG     Absolute V band magnitude (3)
  31- 35  F5.2  mag         <Vmag>   Intensity mean apparent V band magnitude (4)
  37- 41  F5.3  mag         E(B-V)   The (B-V) color excess (5)
  43- 48  F6.3  kpc         Dist     Distance
  50- 55  F6.3  kpc         RGal     Galactic radius (6)
  58- 67  A10  "YYYY/MM/DD" ObsDate  ? Date of the observation; UT (table1 only)
  69- 73  F5.3  ---         Phase    ? Phase during observation (table1 only)
  75- 78  I4    s           Exp      ? Exposure time (table1 only)
  80- 82  I3    ---         S/N      ? Signal to noise (table1 only) (7)

Note (1): Variability type from the General Catalog of Variable Stars
     (Samus et al. 2007-2009, Cat. B/gcvs)
Note (2): from Berdnikov (2006 - private communication to S. Andrievsky)
     or GCVS (Cat. B/gcvs).
Note (3): Computed assuming that the listed period is the fundamental
     except for DCEPS (first overtone pulsators) where the fundamental
     period is assumed to be P0=P/0.71 if P is the observed period.
     Period-Luminosity relation and R(=Av/E(B-V))=3.23 from Fouque et
     al. (2007, Cat. J/A+A/476/73).
Note (4): From Fernie (1995AJ....110.2361F). Exception is NT Pup which is
     from Yong et al. (2006AJ....131.2256Y).
Note (5): From Fouque et al. (2007, Cat. J/A+A/476/73) or Fernie
     (1995AJ....110.2361F) as modified by Fouque et al. (2007, Cat.
     J/A+A/476/73). Reddening for CE Pup, HQ Car, and NT Pup from Yong 
     et al. (2006AJ....131.2256Y). FI Car reddening from van Leeuwen et al.
     (2007MNRAS.379..723V) and T Ant reddening from Turner & Berdnikov
     (2003A&A...407..325T).
Note (6): The Sun is assumed to be 7.9kpc from the galactic center
     (McNamara et al., 2000PASP..112..202M).
Note (7): (per pixel) near 500nm at order center.



Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat

   Bytes Format Units     Label   Explanations

   1-  9  A9    ---       Name    Cepheid name
      10  A1    ---       m_Name  [1/2] Observation number
                                        (for stars observed twice)
  12- 15  I4    K         Teff    Effective temperature (1)
  17- 19  I3    K         e_Teff  Standard deviation of Teff
  21- 22  I2    ---       o_Teff  Number of ratios utilized to determine Teff
  24- 26  F3.1  [cm/s2]   log(g)  log of the surface gravity
  28- 30  F3.1  km/s      Vturb   Microturbulent velocity ξ
  32- 36  F5.2  [Sun]     FeI     The [Fe/H] as determined from the Fe I lines
  38- 41  F4.2  [Sun]     e_FeI   Standard deviation of FeI
  43- 45  I3    ---       o_FeI   Number of lines utilized to determine FeI
  47- 51  F5.2  [Sun]     FeII    The [Fe/H] as determined from the Fe II lines
  53- 56  F4.2  [Sun]     e_FeII  Standard deviation of FeII
  58- 59  I2    ---       o_FeII  Number of lines utilized to determine FeII

Note (1): Determined using the line ratio method of Kovtyukh
           (2007MNRAS.378..617K).


Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat

   Bytes Format Units   Label     Explanations

   1-  9  A9    ---     Name      Cepheid name
  11- 14  A4    ---     Ref       Reference code (1)
  16- 17  I2    ---     NSp       Total number of spectra (phases) contributing
                                   to abundances
  19- 23  F5.2  [Sun]   [C/H]     ? log Carbon abundance relative to solar
  25- 29  F5.2  [Sun]   [N/H]     ? log Nitrogen abundance relative to solar
  31- 35  F5.2  [Sun]   [O/H]     ? log Oxygen abundance relative to solar
  37- 41  F5.2  [Sun]   [Na/H]    ? log Sodium abundance relative to solar
  43- 47  F5.2  [Sun]   [Mg/H]    ? log Magnesium abundance relative to solar
  49- 53  F5.2  [Sun]   [Al/H]    ? log Aluminium abundance relative to solar
  55- 59  F5.2  [Sun]   [Si/H]    ? log Silicon abundance relative to solar
  61- 65  F5.2  [Sun]   [S/H]     ? log Sulfur abundance relative to solar
  67- 71  F5.2  [Sun]   [Ca/H]    ? log Calcium abundance relative to solar
  73- 77  F5.2  [Sun]   [Sc/H]    ? log Scandium abundance relative to solar
  79- 83  F5.2  [Sun]   [Ti/H]    ? log Titanium abundance relative to solar
  85- 89  F5.2  [Sun]   [V/H]     ? log Vanadium abundance relative to solar
  91- 95  F5.2  [Sun]   [Cr/H]    ? log Chromium abundance relative to solar
  97-101  F5.2  [Sun]   [Mn/H]    ? log Manganese abundance relative to solar
 103-107  F5.2  [Sun]   [Fe/H]    log Iron abundance relative to solar
 109-113  F5.2  [Sun]   [Co/H]    ? log Cobalt abundance relative to solar
 115-119  F5.2  [Sun]   [Ni/H]    log Nickel abundance relative to solar
 121-125  F5.2  [Sun]   [Cu/H]    ? log Copper abundance relative to solar
 127-131  F5.2  [Sun]   [Zn/H]    ? log Zinc abundance relative to solar
 133-137  F5.2  [Sun]   [Y/H]     ? log Yttrium abundance relative to solar
 139-143  F5.2  [Sun]   [Zr/H]    ? log Zirconium abundance relative to solar
 145-149  F5.2  [Sun]   [La/H]    ? log Lanthanum abundance relative to solar
 151-155  F5.2  [Sun]   [Ce/H]    ? log Cerium abundance relative to solar
 157-161  F5.2  [Sun]   [Pr/H]    ? log Praseodymium abundance relative to solar
 163-167  F5.2  [Sun]   [Nd/H]    ? log Neodymium abundance relative to solar
 169-173  F5.2  [Sun]   [Sm/H]    ? log Samarium abundance relative to solar
 175-179  F5.2  [Sun]   [Eu/H]    ? log Europium abundance relative to solar
 181-185  F5.2  [Sun]   [Gd/H]    ? log Gadolinium abundance relative to solar

Note (1): References as follows:
    1 = Andrievsky et al. (2002A&A...384..140A (Paper I))
    2 = Andrievsky et al. (2002, Cat. J/A+A/392/491 (Paper II))
    3 = Andrievsky et al. (2002, Cat. J/A+A/381/32 (Paper III))
    4 = Luck et al. (2003A&A...401..939L (Paper IV))
    5 = Andrievsky et al. (2004, Cat. J/A+A/413/159 (Paper V))
    6 = Kovtyukh, Wallerstein, & Andrievsky (2005PASP..117.1173K)
    7 = Luck, Kovtyukh, & Andrievsky (2006, Cat. J/AJ/132/902 (Paper VI)
    8 = This paper
    9 = Luck & Andrievsky (2004, Cat. J/AJ/128/343)
   10 = Kovtyukh et al. (2005, Cat. J/AJ/129/433)
   11 = Luck et al. (2008AJ....136...98L)
   12 = Andrievsky, Luck, & Kovtyukh (2005, Cat. J/AJ/130/1880)


History:
    From electronic version of the journal

References:
   Andrievsky et al., Paper I     2002A&A...384..140A
   Andrievsky et al., Paper II    2002A&A...392..491A, Cat. J/A+A/392/491
   Andrievsky et al., Paper III   2002A&A...381...32A, Cat. J/A+A/381/32
   Luck et al.,       Paper IV    2003A&A...401..939L
   Andrievsky et al., Paper V     2004A&A...413..159A, Cat. J/A+A/413/159
   Luck et al.,       Paper VI    2006AJ....132..902L, Cat. J/AJ/132/902
(End)                  Greg Schwarz [AAS], Patricia Vannier [CDS]    27-Sep-2012