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J/A+A/357/225       Mass loss of M supergiants               (Josselin+, 2000)
Observational investigation of mass loss of M supergiants.
    Josselin E., Blommaert J.A.D.L., Groenewegen M.A.T., Omont A., Li F.L.
   <Astron. Astrophys. 357, 225 (2000)>
   =2000A&A...357..225J
ADC_Keywords: Stars, supergiant ; Stars, M-type ; Mass loss ; Radio lines ;
              Photometry, infrared
Keywords: stars: circumstellar matter - stars: mass loss - stars: supergiants -
          infrared: stars

Description:
    The following tables present near-infrared photometry and millimeter
    observations of a sample of optical M supergiants, together with
    estimations of their luminosity and dust mass-loss rate. Near-infrared
    observations were done in February 1995 with the ESO T2.2m-IRAC1 and
    T3.6m-TIMMI instruments, millimeter observations were made in December
    1994 with the IRAM-30m-telescope and in February 1995 with the SEST.

   For a description of the (N1-N3) and (JHKL) photometric system, see e.g.
     GCPD/39 and GCPD/09, respectively.

File Summary:

       FileName      Lrecl  Records   Explanations

ReadMe            80        .   This file
tablea1.dat       98       24   New near-infrared observations
tablea2.dat       85       50   Near-infrared observations from the literature
tablea3.dat       59       54   New millimeter observations


See also:
    III/197 : IRAS Low Resolution Spectra (IRAS team, 1987)


Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea1.dat

   Bytes Format  Units         Label    Explanations

   1- 11  A11    ---           Name     Name of the star
  13- 21  A9     ---           SpType   Spectral type
  23- 27  F5.2   mag           Vmag     Magnitude (apparent) in V filter
  29- 33  F5.2   mag           ModDist  ? Distance modulus
  35- 41  A7     ---           IRreg    Region in the IRAS colour-colour diagram
  43- 44  I2     ---           LRS      ? IRAS LRS classification
  47- 51  F5.2   mag           Jmag     Magnitude (apparent) in ESO J filter
  53- 57  F5.2   mag           Hmag     Magnitude (apparent) in ESO H filter
  59- 63  F5.2   mag           Kmag     Magnitude (apparent) in ESO K filter
  65- 69  F5.2   mag           Lmag     Magnitude (apparent) in ESO L filter
  71- 75  F5.2   mag           N1mag    ? Magnitude (apparent) in ESO N1 filter
      76  A1     ---           u_N1mag  Uncartainty flag on N1mag
  77- 81  F5.2   mag           N2mag    ? Magnitude (apparent) in ESO N2 filter
      82  A1     ---           u_N2mag  Uncartainty flag on N2mag
  83- 87  F5.2   mag           N3mag    ? Magnitude (apparent) in ESO N3 filter
      88  A1     ---           u_N3mag  Uncartainty flag on N3mag
  89- 92  F4.1   10+4solLum    Lum      ? Luminosity
  94- 97  F4.1  10-9solMass/yr dM       Dust mass-loss rate


Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea2.dat

   Bytes Format  Units        Label    Explanations

   1- 11  A11    ---          Name     Name of the star
  13- 21  A9     ---          SpType   Spectral type
  23- 27  F5.2   mag          Vmag     Magnitude (apparent) in V filter
  29- 33  F5.2   mag          ModDist  ? Distance modulus
      34  A1     ---        u_ModDist  Uncertainty flag on ModDist
  35- 41  A7     ---          IRreg    Region in the IRAS colour-colour diagram
  43- 44  I2     ---          LRS      ? IRAS LRS classification
  47- 51  F5.2   mag          Jmag     Magnitude (apparent) in ESO J filter
  53- 57  F5.2   mag          Hmag     ? Magnitude (apparent) in ESO H filter
  59- 63  F5.2   mag          Kmag     Magnitude (apparent) in ESO K filter
  65- 69  F5.2   mag          Lmag     Magnitude (apparent) in ESO L filter
  71- 72  I2     ---          Ref      Reference code (1)
  75- 78  F4.1   10+4solLum   Lum      ? Luminosity
  79- 83  F5.1 10-9solMass/yr dM       Dust mass-loss rate

Note (1): References:
      1 = Lee T.A., 1970ApJ...162..217L
      2 = Kenyon S.J., 1988AJ.....96..337K
      3 = Voelcker K., 1975A&AS...22....1V
      4 = Johnson H.L., Mendoza V.E.E., 1966AnAp...29..525J
      5 = Johnson H.L., 1965CoLPL...3...73J
      6 = Tapia M., Roth M., Marraco H., Ruiz M.T., 1988MNRAS.232..661T
      7 = Ney E.P., Merrill K.M., 1980, AFGL-TR-80-0050 ;
      8 = Noguchi K., Kawara K., Kobayashi Y., et al., 1981PASJ...33..373N
      9 = Johnson H.L. et al., 1966CoLPL...4...99J, Cat. II/5
     10 = The P.S., Wesselius P.R., Janssen I.M.H.H., 1986A&AS...66...63T
     11 = Hyland A.R. et al., 1969ApJ...158..619H
     12 = Tapia M., Roth M., Marraco H., Ruiz M.T., 1988MNRAS.232..661T
     13 = Welch D.L., Wieland F., McAlary C.W. et al., 1984ApJS...54..547W
     14 = Thomas J.A., Hyland A.R., Robinson G., 1973MNRAS.165..201T
     15 = Hyland A.R. et al., Neugebauer G., 1972A&A....16..204H
     16 = Frogel J.A. et al., 1978ApJ...220...75F


Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea3.dat

   Bytes Format  Units     Label   Explanations

   1- 11  A11    ---       Name    Name of the star
      12  A1     ---       n_Name  [*] Note on name (1)
  15- 23  A9     ---       Line    Observed line
  25- 29  F5.3   K         e_Tmb   r.m.s. of the observation
      31  A1     ---       l_Tmb   [~] Limit flag on Tmb
  32- 35  F4.2   K         Tmb     ? Main beam temperature of the observed Line
      37  A1     ---       l_Imb   [≲] Limit flag on Imb
  38- 43  F6.2   K         Imb     ? Integrated intensity of the observed Line
  45- 49  F5.1   km/s      Vlsr    ? LSR velocity of the source
  52- 55  F4.1   km/s      Vexp    ? Expansion velocity of the source
      58  A1     ---       Note    [a] a: interstellar contamination

Note (1): *: the star was observed with the SEST.
          Otherwise, it was observed with the IRAM-30m.


Acknowledgements: Eric Josselin 

(End)                   Eric Josselin [OAN], Patricia Bauer [CDS]    23-May-2000