/*++++++++++++++ .IDENTIFICATION units.c .LANGUAGE C .AUTHOR Francois Ochsenbein [CDS] .ENVIRONMENT Unix, CDS Catalogues .KEYWORDS Table, FITS .VERSION 1.0 15-Jul-1993: C-shell version(mods 1.1 to 1.9 deleted) .VERSION 2.0 02-Sep-1994: C package .VERSION 2.1 01-Jun-1995: Added "day" "month" .VERSION 2.2 03-Oct-1995: Added function unit_si .VERSION 2.3 21-Nov-1995: *** ERROR in definitions of lm lx **** .VERSION 2.4 04-Jun-1996: Sort output with ? option .VERSION 2.5 12-Apr-1997: Allow "[" (log scale) arount units. .VERSION 2.6 14-Jan-1998: Allow "m:s" (time) .VERSION 3.0 24-Jan-1999: Allow [ ] for log .VERSION 3.1 10-Jun-2000: In dates, use "yy" for dates after 2000. .VERSION 3.2 23-Jul-2000: Accept s^2 for square seconds .VERSION 3.3 09-Apr-2003: Accept "date" in unit_get .VERSION 3.4 26-Mar-2004: Addition "h:m" "Y-M-D:h:m:s" .VERSION 3.5 07-Apr-2004: ALARM if case of loop .VERSION 3.6 28-Nov-2004: added unit_dim .VERSION 3.7 17-Mar-2005: Bug in datime_pic corrected .VERSION 3.8 05-May-2005: Accept Bohr radius .VERSION 3.9 19-Sep-2005: 2-digit year ==> interval [1938, 2037] .VERSION 3.91 03-Jun-2006: Accept YYYY.MM.DD.DD (fractions) .VERSION 4.0 09-Aug-2006: Units with offset (degC, etc) .VERSION 4.01 27-Sep-2006: Accept "**" for exponentiation .VERSION 4.02 02-Jun-2007: Cosmetics (-Wall) .VERSION 4.03 28-Oct-2007: Problem with decimal days... .VERSION 4.04 09-Jan-2008: Added Crab .VERSION 4.05 26-Aug-2008: unitex in softex .VERSION 4.06 27-Sep-2008: pb "datime" .VERSION 4.07 08-May-2009: Msun Lsun etc (shorter units) .VERSION 4.08 02-Jun-2009: datime .VERSION 4.09 08-Sep-2009: Added Angstroem .VERSION 4.10 15-Dec-2009: 64-bit .VERSION 4.11 24-Sep-2010: utf-8 for deg Angstrom mu .VERSION 4.2 28-Sep-2010: unit_freq unit_wave .VERSION 4.21 03-Jan-2012: units Rgeo+Rjup .VERSION 4.22 07-Jun-2012: ... but bad values for Mjup ! .VERSION 4.23 04-Dec-2012: Pb with a0 and µ0 TODO: other Unicode units ? .COMMENTS Dealing with interpretaion of Units according to the "Adopted Standards for Astronomical Catalogues" (http://vizier.u-strasbg.fr/doc/catstd.htx) The recursice definition is as follows: Full_Unit = factor Complex_unit Complex_Unit = single_Unit | single_Unit OP single_Unit | "[" single_Unit OP single_Unit "]" single_Unit = extended_UnitSymbol | extended_UnitSymbol power extended_UnitSymbol = UnitSymbol | Magnitude_Prefix UnitSymbol | "(" Full_Unit ")" ###if UNITp### power = Number | +Number | -Number OP = . | / UnitSymbol = result of ufind ---------------*/ #define VERSION "4.23 (2012-12-04)" #ifndef UNITp #define UNITp 1 #endif #ifndef DEBUG #define DEBUG 0 #endif #ifdef MAIN /* MAIN Program = standalone = TEST */ #define TEST 1 #endif #ifdef TEST /* TEST for the MAIN program */ #define MAXUNIT 512 #define UNITp 1 /* Allow parentheses in expressions */ #endif #ifndef MAXUNIT #define MAXUNIT 80 /* Max length of expanded Unit */ #endif #define MAXEXU 40 /* Max length of a unit explanation */ #include /* isalpha.. */ #include #include /* for qsort */ #include /* for sleep */ #include /* for qsort */ #include /* isalpha.. */ #include /* M_PI */ #include /* Date */ #define MJD1970 40587 /* MJD date of 01-Jan-1970 UT */ #define _c_ 299792458. /* Speed of light, m/s */ #define _hbar_ 1.0545716e-34 /* hbar = h/2{pi} */ #define _h_ (2.*M_PI*_hbar_) /* Planck */ typedef int (*SORT_FCT)(/* const void *, const void * */) ; static char *mksa[8] = { "kg", "m", "s", "A", "K", "cd", "mol", "mag" }; static char sydim[8] = { 'M' , 'L', 'T', 'A', 'K', 0, 0, 0 }; typedef struct { /* Special labels */ char *symbol; char *explain; /* Explanation; starts with '?' for discouraged unit */ double factor; char mksa[8]; /* kg m s A K cd mol mag */ double log_factor; /* Factor outside log */ double offset; /* Non-zero for degC etc */ } UNIT; #define _ '0' static UNIT operator[] = { /* Allowed operators; non-multiplicative have a 0 factor */ {"2", "square ", 0.0, }, {"3", "cubic ", 0.0, }, {"+", "power+", 0.0, }, {"-", "power-", 0.0, }, {"/", "per ", 1.0, {'/'}}, {".", "times ", 1.0, {'*'}}, {"*", "times ", 1.0, {'*'}}, }; static UNIT multiple[] = { /* Symbols for multiples */ {"mu", "micro", 1.e-6, {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"da", "deca", 1.e+1, {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"k", "kilo", 1.e+3, {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"m", "milli", 1.e-3, {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"c", "centi", 1.e-2, {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"u", "micro", 1.e-6, {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"M", "mega", 1.e+6, {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"n", "nano", 1.e-9, {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"G", "giga", 1.e+9, {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"d", "deci", 1.e-1, {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"h", "hecto", 1.e+2, {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"p", "pico", 1.e-12, {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"T", "tera", 1.e+12, {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"f", "femto(10-15)", 1.e-15, {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"P", "peta(10+15)", 1.e+15, {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"a", "atto(10-18)", 1.e-18, {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"E", "exa(10+18)", 1.e+18, {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"z", "zepto(10-21)", 1.e-21, {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"Z", "zetta(10+21)", 1.e+21, {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"y", "yocto(10-24)", 1.e-24, {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"Y", "yotta(10+24)", 1.e+24, {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"µ", "micro", 1.e-6, {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, }; static UNIT unit[] = { /* ORDER is IMPORTANT ! First found is kept... */ /* factor kg m s A K cd m m*/ {"---", "", 1.0, {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"%", "percent", 1.e-2, {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"h", "hour ", 3.6e3, {_+0, _+0, _+1, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"min", "minute ", 60., {_+0, _+0, _+1, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"s", "second ", 1.0, {_+0, _+0, _+1, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"mag", "magnitude ", 1.0, {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _, _,_,_+1}}, {"Jy", "Jansky(10-26W/m2/Hz) ",1.e-26, {_+1, _+0, _-2, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"deg", "degree ", (1./360.), {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"rad", "radian ", (0.5/M_PI), {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"sr", "steradian ", (0.25/M_PI), {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"arcmin", "minute of arc ",(1./21600.), {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"arcsec", "second of arc ",(1.e-3/1296.),{_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"arcm", "minute of arc ",(1./21600.), {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"arcs", "second of arc ",(1.e-3/1296.),{_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"mas", "milli-second of arc ", (1.e-6/1296.),{_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"uas", "micro-second of arc ", (1.e-9/1296.),{_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"Sun", "Solar unit ", 1.0, {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"solMass","solar mass ", 1.989e+30, {_+1, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"solRad", "solar radius ", 6.9599e+8, {_+0, _+1, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"solLum", "solar luminosity ", 3.826e+26,{_+1, _+2, _-3, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"geoMass", "Earth mass ", 5.9742e+24, {_+1, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"jovMass", "Jupiter mass ", 1.8986e+27, {_+1, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"Msun", "solar mass ", 1.989e+30, {_+1, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"Rsun", "solar radius ", 6.9599e+8, {_+0, _+1, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"Lsun", "solar luminosity ", 3.826e+26, {_+1, _+2, _-3, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"Mgeo", "Earth mass ", 5.9742e+24, {_+1, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"Rgeo", "Earth radius (eq)", 6378.1e3, {_+0, _+1, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"Mjup", "Jupiter mass ", 1.8986e+27, {_+1, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"Rjup", "Jupiter radius (eq)", 71492.e3, {_+0, _+1, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"m", "metre ", 1.0, {_+0, _+1, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"Hz", "Herz ", 1.0, {_+0, _+0, _-1, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"kg", "kilogram ", 1.0, {_+1, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"g", "gram ", 1.e-3, {_+1, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"K", "Kelvin ", 1.0, {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+1, _,_,_}}, {"Pa", "Pascal ", 1.0, {_+1, _-1, _-2, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"T", "Tesla ", 1.0, {_+1, _+0, _-2, _-1, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"V", "Volt ", 1.0, {_+1, _+2, _-3, _-1, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"W", "Watt ", 1.0, {_+1, _+2, _-3, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"J", "Joule ", 1.0, {_+1, _+2, _-2, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"eV", "electron-Volt ", 1.602177e-19, {_+1, _+2, _-2, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"Ry", "Rydberg(13.6eV) ", 21.798948e-19,{_+1, _+2, _-2, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"yr", "year ", 31.5576e+6, {_+0, _+0, _+1, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"a", "year ", 31.5576e+6, {_+0, _+0, _+1, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"d", "day ", 86.4e+3, {_+0, _+0, _+1, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"AU", "astronomical unit ", 1.49598e+11,{_+0, _+1, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"au", "astronomical unit ", 1.49598e+11,{_+0, _+1, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"pc", "parsec ", 3.0857e+16, {_+0, _+1, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"al", "light-year ", .946053e+16, {_+0, _+1, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"JD", "Julian Day ", 86.4e+3, {_+0, _+0, _+1, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"pix", "pixel ", 1.0, {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"ct", "count ", 1.0, {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"ph", "photon ", 1.0, {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"A", "Ampere ", 1.0, {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+1, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"barn", "barn(10-28m2) ", 1.e-28, {_+0, _+2, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"bit", "binary information unit ", 1.0, {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"byte", "byte(8bits) ", 1.0, {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"C", "Coulomb ", 1.0, {_+0, _+0, _+1, _+1, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"D", "Debye (dipole)", (1.e-29/3.), {_+0, _+1, _+1, _+1, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"cd", "candela(lumen/sr) ", 1.0, {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _, _+1,_,_}}, {"F", "Farad ", 1.0, {_-1, _-2, _+4, _+2, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"H", "Henry ", 1.0, {_+1, _+2, _-2, _-2, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"lm", "lumen ", (0.25/M_PI), {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _, _+1,_,_}}, {"lx", "lux(lm/m2) ", (0.25/M_PI), {_+0, _-2, _+0, _+0, _, _+1,_,_}}, {"mol", "mole ", 1.0, {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _, _,_+1,_}}, {"N", "Newton ", 1.0, {_+1, _+1, _-2, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"Ohm", "Ohm(V/A) ", 1.0, {_+1, _+2, _-3, _-2, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"S", "Siemens(A/V) ", 1.0, {_-1, _-2, _+3, _+2, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"Wb", "Weber(V.s) ", 1.0, {_+1, _+2, _-2, _-1, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"u", "atomic mass unit ", 1.6605387e-27, {_+1, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"ppm", "part per million", 1.e-6, {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"µas", "micro-second of arc ", (1.e-9/1296.), {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"\"d:m:s\"", "degree arcminute arcsecond (sexagesimal angle from degree)", (1./360.), {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"\"h:m:s\"", "hour minutes seconds (sexagesimal time from hours)", 3600.0, {_+0, _+0, _+1, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"\"h:m\"", "hour minutes (sexagesimal time from hours)", 3600.0, {_+0, _+0, _+1, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"\"m:s\"", "minutes seconds (sexagesimal time from minutes)", 60.0, {_+0, _+0, _+1, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"\"HHMMSS\"", "hour minutes seconds (sexagesimal time without separator)", 3600.0, {_+0, _+0, _+1, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"\"HH:MM:SS\"", "hour minutes seconds (sexagesimal time)", 3600.0, {_+0, _+0, _+1, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, #if 0 {"\"Y:M:D\"", "Date as Year Month_Number_or_Name Day_Number", 86400., _+0, _+0, _+1, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}, {"\"DD/MM/YY\"", "Day/Month/Year (from 1900)", 86400., _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}, {"\"DD-MMM-YYYY\"", "Day-Month_abbreviation-Year", 86400., _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}, {"\"YYDDD\"", "Year(from 1900).Day_of_Year", 86400., _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}, {"\"YY.DDD\"", "Year(from 1900).Day_of_Year", 86400., _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}, {"\"YY.MM.DD\"", "Year(from 1900).Month.Day", 86400., _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}, {"\"YYYYMMDD\"", "Year Month Day", 86400., _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}, {"\"YYMMDD\"", "Year(from 1900) Month Day", 86400., _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}, #endif {"\"date\"", "Fully qualified date", 86400., {_+0, _+0, _+1, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"\"datime\"", "Fully qualified date/time", 86400., {_+0, _+0, _+1, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"\"Y-M-D,h:m:s\"", "Fully qualified date/time", 86400., {_+0, _+0, _+1, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"\"month\"", "Month name or number", 86400., {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"\"MM/YY\"", "Month/Year(from 1900)", 86400., {_+0, _+0, _+1, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"\"MM/yy\"", "Month/Year(from 2000)", 86400., {_+0, _+0, _+1, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"\"day\"", "Day of month number", 86400., {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, /* A few constants... */ {"pi", "pi(=3.14...)", M_PI, {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"c", "c(speed_of_light)", _c_, {_+0, _+1, _-1, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"G", "G(gravitation constant)", 6.673e-11, {_-1, _+3, _-2, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"\\h", "hbar(Planck constant)", 1.0545716e-34, {_+1, _+2, _-1, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"e", "e(electron_charge) ",1.602177e-19, {_+0, _+0, _+1, _+1, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"k", "k(Boltzmann) ", 1.38065e-23, {_+1, _+2, _-2, _+0, _-1, _,_,_}}, {"R", "R(gas_constant) ", 8.3143, {_+1, _+2, _-2, _+0,_-1,_,_-1,_}}, {"mp", "mp(proton_mass) ", 1.672661e-27, {_+1, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"me", "me(electron_mass) ", 9.109382e-31,{_+1, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, /* Bohr radius = 4 \pi \epsilon_0 \hbar^2 / m e^2 */ {"a0", "(Bohr radius) ", 5.29177208e-11, {_+0, _+1, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"degree", "degree ", (1./360.), {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"eps0", "(electric constant) ", 8.854187817620389e-12, {_-1, _-3, _+4, _+2, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"mu0", "(magnetic constant) ", (4.e-7*M_PI), {_+1, _+1, _-2, _-2, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"µ0", "(magnetic constant) ", (4.e-7*M_PI), {_+1, _+1, _-2, _-2, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"alpha", "(fine structure constant) ", (1./137.036), {_+0, _+0, _-0, _-0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"muB", "(Bohr magneton) ", /* e.hbar/2me */ 9.274009e-28, {_+0, _+2, _-0, _+1, _+0, _,_,_}}, /* Eh = Hartree energy = 2Ry = alpha^2.me.c^2 */ /* A few obsolste units... */ {"degC", "Celsius ", 1.0, {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+1, _,_,_}, 0., 273.15}, {"MJD", "Mod. Julian Date (JD-2400000.5) ", 86.4e+3, {_+0, _+0, _+1, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}, 0., 86.4e+3*2400000.5}, {"Crab", "Crab (X-ray) flux ", 1.43e-11, {_+1, _+0, _-3, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"atm", "atmosphere ", 101325., {_+1, _-1, _-2, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"mmHg", "?mercury_mm ", 133.3224, {_+1, _-1, _-2, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"l", "?litre ", 1.e-3, {_+0, _+3, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"hr", "?hour(use 'h') ", 3.6e3, {_+0, _+0, _+1, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"sec", "?second (use 's')", 1.0, {_+0, _+0, _+1, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"inch", "?inch ", 2.54e-2, {_+0, _+1, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"t", "?ton ", 1.e+3, {_+1, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"month", "?month ", 1.0, {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"erg", "?erg(10-7J) ", 1.e-7, {_+1, _+2, _-2, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"dyn", "?dyne(10-5N) ", 1.e-5, {_+1, _+1, _-2, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"bar", "?bar(10+5Pa) ", 1.e+5, {_+1, _-1, _-2, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"gauss", "?Gauss(10-4T) ", 1.e-4, {_+1, _+0, _-2, _-1, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"cal", "?calorie ", 4.1854, {_+1, _+2, _-2, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"Å", "?Angstroem(0.1nm) ", 1.e-10, {_+0, _+1, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"Angstrom","?Angstroem(0.1nm) ",1.e-10, {_+0, _+1, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"Angstroem","?Angstroem(0.1nm) ",1.e-10, {_+0, _+1, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"lyr", "?light-year (c*yr) ", .946053e+16, {_+0, _+1, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"degF", "?Fahrenheit ", (5./9.), {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+1, _,_,_}, 0., (273.15-(32.*5./9.))}, {"°", "degree ", (1./360.), {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _,_,_}}, {"°C", "Celsius ", 1.0, {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+1, _,_,_}, 0., 273.15}, {"°F", "?Fahrenheit ", (5./9.), {_+0, _+0, _+0, _+0, _+1, _,_,_}, 0., (273.15-(32.*5./9.))}, }; /* Quote+Uppercase Dates */ static UNIT *date_unit ; static UNIT unitSI; /* Used by unit_si */ static int ndate_unit ; #define ITEMS(a) sizeof(a)/sizeof(a[0]) #define issign(c) (((c) == '+') || ((c) == '-')) #define isuni2(c) (((c)&0xe0)==0xc0) /* UTF-8 on 2 bytes */ static char edited_unit[MAXUNIT+1]; static int indunit; static int errors; static char *bufunit = edited_unit; static double fraction ; static int comp6[7] ; /* Components of time */ #define year comp6[0] #define month comp6[1] #define day comp6[2] #define hour comp6[3] #define min comp6[4] #define sec comp6[5] #define sign comp6[6] static double fact6[6] = { 365.25*86400., 30.*86400., 86400., 3600., 60., 1. } ; #if DEBUG static char inbyte; #endif #if UNITp /* Declare static function */ static int unitec(); #endif /*================================================================== Very Basic Utilities *==================================================================*/ /* Some machines do not know strncasecmp */ #ifndef NOstrncasecmp #define stundiff strncasecmp #else int stundiff(s1,s2, len) /*++++++++++++++++++++++++ .PURPOSE Compare (or compute difference of) two strings, case insensitive. .RETURNS A positive value if s1 > s2, zero if strings are identical, a negative value if s1 < s2. -----------*/ char *s1; /* IN: address of first string */ char *s2; /* IN: address of 2nd string */ int len; /* IN: Max length to compare */ { char *p, *q, *e; char cp, cq; for (p=s1, e=s1+len, q=s2; ps;) { --p; if (isgraph(*p)) { p++; break; } } return(p-s); } /*==================================================================*/ static int strloc(text, c) /*++++++++++++++++ .PURPOSE Locate specified character .RETURNS Index of located char -----------------*/ char *text; /* IN: String to interpret */ int c; /* IN: Char to look for */ { char *s; for ( s = text; *s; s++) if (*s == c) break; return(s-text); } /*================================================================== Adding date_units *==================================================================*/ static UNIT *add_quoted(symbol, len) /*++++++++++++++++ .PURPOSE Add the quoted symbol as a Unit .RETURNS The full (newly allocated) unit. .REMARKS Should be made of YMD and punctuations only -----------------*/ char *symbol ; /* IN: The symbol to add */ int len ; /* IN: Length of symbol */ { UNIT *u ; int i ; char *s, *e, ymd[8] ; /* ymd made of letter followed by number of symbols */ char buffer[256] ; /* Verify it's a date... */ s = symbol ; if (*s != '"') return((UNIT *)0) ; ++s ; ymd[0] = 0 ; while(*s) { if (ispunct(*s)) { if (*s == '"') break ; s++ ; continue ; } if ((*s == 'Y') || (*s == 'y') || (*s == 'D') || (*s == 'M')) { i = strloc(ymd, *s) ; if (ymd[i]) /* Already here ! */ return((UNIT *)0) ; e = ymd + strlen(ymd) ; *e = *s ; e[1] = 0 ; while (*e == *s) e[1] += 1, s++ ; e += 2 ; *e = 0 ; } else return((UNIT *)0) ; /* Invalid date format... */ } if (*(s++) != '"') return((UNIT *)0) ; if ((symbol+len) != s) return((UNIT *)0) ; if (date_unit) date_unit = (UNIT *)realloc(date_unit, (ndate_unit+1)*sizeof(UNIT)) ; else date_unit = malloc(sizeof(UNIT)) ; u = date_unit + (ndate_unit)++ ; memset(u, 0, sizeof(UNIT)) ; u->symbol = strdup(symbol) ; u->factor = 86400 ; memset(u->mksa, _, sizeof(u->mksa)) ; u->mksa[2] += 1 ; /* In terms of seconds */ /* Edit the explanation */ strcpy(buffer, "Date expressed as") ; e = " " ; /* Continuation */ for (s = ymd; *s; s += 2, e = ", ") switch(*s) { case 'Y': strcat(buffer, e) ; if (s[1] == 2) strcat(buffer, "1900-offsetted ") ; strcat(buffer, "Year") ; continue ; case 'D': strcat(buffer, e) ; if (s[1] == 1) { /* Month specified ? */ if (ymd[strloc(ymd, 'M')]) s[1] = 2 ; else s[1] = 3 ; } strcat(buffer, s[1] == 3 ? "Day in year" : "Day in month" ) ; continue ; case 'M': strcat(buffer, e) ; if (s[1] == 1) strcat(buffer, "Month name or number") ; else if (s[1] == 2) strcat(buffer, "Month number") ; else strcat(buffer, "Month abbreviation") ; } u->explain = strdup(buffer) ; return(u) ; } /*================================================================== Interpretation of special units (starting by ") *==================================================================*/ static char *datime_pic(str) /*++++++++++++++++ .PURPOSE Guess the 'format' from a date+time .RETURNS The "unit" -----------------*/ char *str ; /* IN: String to scan */ { static char sym[] = "YMDhms" ; static char pic[32]; char *s, *p, *e; int i, k, dec; k = 0; s = str; dec = 0; /* V3.91: dec set to 1 if decimal point */ p = pic; e = pic+sizeof(pic)-5; while (*s && (k<6)) { if (isspace(*s)) { s++; if (k==3) *(p++) = ' '; /* Added V4.08 */ continue; } if (isdigit(*s)) { for (i=0; isdigit(*s); s++) { if (p2) && (k == 2) && (dec != 1)) { /* Mod. V4.03 */ /* More than 2 digits for the day: exchange YY -- DD */ char *q; for (q=pic; q 12) j = 0 ; return(j) ; } static int get6(pic, str) /*++++++++++++++++ .PURPOSE Get the components of date / sexagesimal .RETURNS Number of bytes interpreted in str -----------------*/ char *pic ; /* IN: Units starting by '"' */ char *str ; /* IN: String to scan */ { char *p, *s ; int i, j, c, check_century; double factor ; p = pic ; s = str ; i = check_century = 0 ; fraction = 0 ; comp6[0] = comp6[1] = comp6[2] = comp6[3] = comp6[4] = comp6[5] = comp6[6] = 0 ; if (*p == '"') p++ ; if (p[2] != s[2]) while (*s == ' ') s++ ; /* Could be " D/ M/YYYY" */ if ((s[0] == '-') && (s[1] != '-')) s++, sign = 1 ; else if (*s == '+') s++ ; i = 0 ; while ( *s && *p && (*p != '"') ) { switch(c = *p) { case 'y': case 'Y': for (i=0; p[i] == c; i++) ; check_century = i == 2; i=0 ; break ; case 'M': if (i >= 3) i = 4 ; else i = 1 ; break ; case 'D': i=2 ; break ; case 'd': /* Degrees */ case 'H': case 'h': i=3 ; break ; case 'm': i=4 ; break ; case 'S': case 's': i=5 ; break ; case ':': if (*p != *s) { p++ ; continue ; } default: if (*p == *s) { p++, s++ ; continue ; } if (ispunct(*p) && isspace(*s)) { p++, s++ ; continue ; } errors++ ; fprintf(stderr, "#***date/time/sexa: invalid '%c' component in %s\n", c, pic) ; return(p-pic) ; } j = 0 ; if (p[1] == p[0]) { /* e.g. YYYYMMDD */ if ((i == 1) && isalpha(*s)) { /* Litteral Month */ j = get_month(s) ; if (!j) errors++, fprintf(stderr, "#***date/time/sexa: invalid alphabetic '%s' for %s\n", str, pic) ; while (*p == c) p++ ; while (isalpha(*s)) s++ ; } else { if ((*p == c) && (*s == ' ')) p++, s++ ; while ((*p == c) && isdigit(*s)) j = j*10 + (*(s++) - '0'), p++ ; if (*p == c) { errors++, fprintf(stderr, "#***date/time/sexa: number '%s' misses digit %s\n", str, pic) ; while (*p == c) p++, s++ ; } } } else { while (*s == ' ') s++ ; if (*s == ':') s++ ; if ((i == 1) && isalpha(*s)) { /* Litteral Month */ j = get_month(s) ; if (!j) errors++, s++, fprintf(stderr, "#***date/time/sexa: invalid alphabetic '%s' for %s\n", str, pic) ; while (*p == c) p++ ; while (isalpha(*s)) s++ ; } else { while (isdigit(*s)) j = j*10 + (*(s++) - '0') ; p++ ; if (ispunct(*p) && ((*s == *p) || (*s != '.'))) { if (ispunct(*s)) s++ ; p++ ; } } } comp6[i] = j ; if (*p == 'f') break ; /* Fraction */ if (*s == '.') { if (*p == '.') { /* Could be fraction of day (V3.91) */ if ((p>pic) && (p[-1] == p[1])) break; p++, s++ ; } else break ; } } if (*p == '"') p++ ; if (*s == '.') { fraction = atof(s) * fact6[i] ; for (++s; isdigit(*s); s++) ; } else if (*p == 'f') { /* A fraction */ for (factor = fact6[i] ; isdigit(*s); s++) { factor /= 10. ; fraction += factor * (*s - '0') ; } while (*p == 'f') p++; } /* Verify the 2-digit year: between 01-01-1938 and 31-12-2037 */ if (check_century) { if (comp6[0]<100) comp6[0] += 1900; if (comp6[0]<1938) comp6[0] += 100; } while (*s == ' ') s++ ; return(s-str) ; } static double jdate() /*++++++++++++++++ .PURPOSE Convert Y M D h m s (stored in comp6) into Julian Date .RETURNS The value, in JD -----------------*/ { double JD ; int j, jm ; if (sign) year = -year ; sign = 0 ; if (year <= -4712) { j = 1 + (year + 4712)/400; jm = -j * 146097L; j = year + 400*j; } else jm = 0 , j = year ; /* Convert month to 0-11, day to 1-31. If no month specified, assume YYYY.DDD */ if (!comp6[2]) comp6[2] = 1 ; if (comp6[1]) { /* Month Day */ comp6[1] -= 1 ; /* Convert year mon day into JD */ j -= (11 - month)/10 ; jm += (1461L* ( j + 4712L))/4 + (306L * ((month+10)%12) + 5)/10 - (3* ((j + 4900L)/100))/4 + day + 96 ; } else { /* Month not specified -- used yday and 400-yr = 146097 days cycle */ j = year % 400 ; year /= 400 ; if (j < 0) { j += 400 ; year-- ; } jm = 365*j + (j+3)/4 - (j-1)/100 + (comp6[2]-1) ; jm += 1721059L + (year * 146097L) ; } JD = jm ; jm = ((int4)(12+hour))*3600L + min*60 + sec; JD += (jm/86400.e0); return(JD) ; } static double get_special(unit, str) /*++++++++++++++++ .PURPOSE Interpret a "special" string, like date / angle .RETURNS The value. The edited_unit is set. -----------------*/ char *unit ; /* IN: Units starting by '"' */ char *str ; /* IN: String to scan */ { double value ; char *u ; int i ; value = 0 ; u = unit ; if (*u == '"') u++ ; /* Accept "now" */ if (strcmp(str, "now") == 0) { time_t now; now = time(0); value = now; value /= 86400. ; value += MJD1970; strcpy(edited_unit, "MJD"); return(value); } edited_unit[0] = edited_unit[1] = 0 ; switch(*u) { case 'H': case 'h': case 'm': edited_unit[0] = 's' ; /* Seconds */ edited_unit[1] = 0 ; /* Seconds */ i = get6(unit, str) ; value = comp6[3]*3600. + comp6[4]*60. + comp6[5] + fraction ; break ; case 'y': case 'Y': case 'M': case 'D': strcpy(edited_unit, "JD"); i = get6(unit, str) ; value = jdate() + fraction/86400. ; break ; case 'd': /* degree */ strcpy(edited_unit, "deg") ; i = get6(unit, str) ; value = comp6[3] + comp6[4]/60. + (comp6[5]+fraction)/3600. ; break ; default: errors++ ; strcpy(edited_unit, unit) ; return(0./0.) ; } if (i == 0) { /* No digit ==> NaN */ value = 0./0.; } else if (sign) /* Take care of sign ... */ value = -value ; /* Verify string exhausted */ if (str[i]) errors++, fprintf(stderr, "#***date/time/sexa: bad char '%c' in for '%s'\n", str[i], str) ; return(value) ; } /*================================================================== Operations on UNIT *==================================================================*/ static void powu(unit, power) /*++++++++++++++++ .PURPOSE Compute power of unit .RETURNS --- -----------------*/ UNIT *unit; /* MOD: Unit */ int power; /* IN: Exponent */ { double r; int i, j; if (unit->log_factor) fprintf(stderr, "#***Can't combine log[units] power %d\n", power) ; r = 1.0; i = power; while (i > 0) r *= unit->factor, i--; while (i < 0) r /= unit->factor, i++; unit->factor = r; for (j=0; j<8; j++) unit->mksa[j] = _ + ((unit->mksa[j] - _) * power); } static void uxu(u1, u2) /*++++++++++++++++ .PURPOSE Compute product of units .RETURNS --- -----------------*/ UNIT *u1; /* MOD: Unit */ UNIT *u2; /* IN: operand */ { int j; if (u1->log_factor || u2->log_factor) fprintf(stderr, "#***Can't multiply log[units]\n") ; u1->factor *= u2->factor; for (j=0; j<8; j++) u1->mksa[j] += (u2->mksa[j] - _); } static void udu(u1, u2) /*++++++++++++++++ .PURPOSE Compute division of units .RETURNS --- -----------------*/ UNIT *u1; /* MOD: Unit */ UNIT *u2; /* IN: dividend */ { int j; if (u1->log_factor || u2->log_factor) fprintf(stderr, "#***Can't divide log[units]\n") ; if (u2->factor) u1->factor /= u2->factor; else u1->factor = 0; for (j=0; j<8; j++) u1->mksa[j] -= (u2->mksa[j] - _); } /*================================================================== Internal utilities *==================================================================*/ static char *edf(factor) /*++++++++++++++++ .PURPOSE Edit a Factor (only if differs from 1) .RETURNS Buffer with edited Factor -----------------*/ double factor;/* IN: Factor to edit */ { static char buf[25]; int i; char *p; double val, fabs(); p = buf; /* Edit factor if differs from 1 */ if (factor < 0) *(p++) = '-'; val = fabs(factor); if (val == 0) *(p++) = '?'; else if ((fabs(val-1) > 1.e-9) && (fabs(val-1) <= 1.e99)) { for (i=0; val > 9.99999999; val /= 10.0) i++; while (val < .9999999999) val *= 10.0, i--; if (fabs(val-1) > 1.e-9) { sprintf(p, "%g", val), p += strlen(p); if (i) *(p++) = 'x'; } if (i) sprintf(p, "10%+d", i), p += strlen(p); } *p = 0; return(buf); } static char *edu(pmksa) /*++++++++++++++++ .PURPOSE Edit a unit (without factor) .RETURNS Buffer with edited unit -----------------*/ char pmksa[8];/* IN: Powers to edit */ { static char buf[8*8+MAXEXU+1]; int i, j, nu; char *p, sep; p = buf; *p = 0; /* Check unitless */ for (nu=0, j=0; j<8; j++) { if (pmksa[j] == _ ) continue; nu += pmksa[j] == (_+1) ? 1 : 2; } if (nu == 0) return(buf); /* Find out the unit */ for (i=0; i1 { int i; printf ("....uwrite \""); for (p=text, e=p+len, i=indunit; *p && (p MAXUNIT-3) indunit = MAXUNIT-3; i = indunit; bufunit[indunit++] = '<'; bufunit[indunit++] = '?'; uwrite(text, len); uwrite(">", 1); errors++; return(indunit - i); } static int ubad3(text, len, buf) /*++++++++++++++++ .PURPOSE Insert the "bad unit" .RETURNS Number of bytes inserted .REMARKS The text is preceded by a question mark -----------------*/ char *text; /* IN: Text to append */ int len; /* IN: Length (stopped at NUL) */ char *buf; /* OUT: Buffer where text appended */ { int oi, i; char *ob; oi = indunit; ob = bufunit; /* Save */ indunit = 0; bufunit = buf; i = ubad(text, len); indunit = oi; bufunit = ob; /* Restore */ return(i); } static UNIT *ufind(table, items, symbol, len) /*++++++++++++++++ .PURPOSE Lookup in the known symbols .RETURNS The explanation -----------------*/ UNIT *table; /* IN: Table to look at */ int items; /* IN: Items in table */ char *symbol; /* IN: Symbol to interpret */ int len; /* IN: Length of symbol -- 0 means longest */ { UNIT *pu; int i, j; for (pu=table, i=items; --i>=0; pu++) { j = len == 0 ? strlen(pu->symbol) : len; if (strncmp(pu->symbol, symbol, j) == 0){ /* label match */ if (pu->symbol[j]) continue; return(pu); } } return ((UNIT *)0); } /*================================================================== Interpretation routine *==================================================================*/ int unit_factor(text, value) /*++++++++++++++++ .PURPOSE Interpret a number as (+/-)numx10+pow .RETURNS Number of bytes interpreted -----------------*/ char *text; /* IN: The unit to explain */ double *value; /* OUT: Result */ { char *p, bra; double atof(), b; int i, has_e; *value = 1.0; p = text; b = 0; bra = 0; if (issign(*p)) p++; if (isdigit(*p) || *p == '.') { if (issign(*p)) p++; while (isdigit(*p)) p++; if (*p == '.') p++; while (isdigit(*p)) p++; has_e = ((*p == 'e') || (*p == 'E')) && (issign(p[1]) || isdigit(p[1])); *value = atof(text); if (has_e) { ++p; if (issign(*p)) p++; while (isdigit(*p)) p++; } else if (*p == 'x' && isdigit(p[1])) { /* Factor */ p++; b = atof(p); i = 0; while (isdigit(*p)) p++ ; } if (has_e) ; else if (issign(*p) || (*p == '^') || ((p[0] == '*')&&(p[1] == '*'))) { if (!b) b = *value, *value = 1; if (*p == '^') p++ ; else if (*p == '*') p += 2; while (*p == '(') { p++; bra++; } /* V4.01: accept () */ i = atoi(p), p++; while (isdigit(*p)) p++; while ((--bra>=0) && (*p == ')')) p++; /* V4.01 */ if (*p == '^') p++ ; /* e.g. 10^12^ */ while (i > 0) *value *= b, i--; while (i < 0) *value /= b, i++; } if ((*p == '.') || (*p == '*')) p++ ; /* e.g. 10^6.g */ } else p = text; /* We could have "---" */ return(p-text); } static int unit1(text, result) /*++++++++++++++++ .PURPOSE Explain a single_Unit .RETURNS The length of interpreted string .REMARKS Recursive -----------------*/ char *text; /* IN: The unit to explain */ UNIT *result; /* OUT: factor & mksa are set */ { UNIT *u, *m, *pu, sunit; char *p, op[12]; int i, s, power, bra; char *obuf, nbuf[MAXUNIT+1]; int oind; #if DEBUG printf("....unit1: examine <%s>", text); #endif op[0] = op[1] = 0; power=0; /* Power operator */ bra = 0; u = m = (UNIT *)0; /* Found Unit / Multiplic. */ sunit.explain = nbuf; nbuf[0] = 0; sunit.factor = sunit.log_factor = sunit.offset = 0; for (i=0; i<8; i++) sunit.mksa[i] = '0'; *result = unit[0]; /* Initialize to unitless */ switch(*(p = text)) { #if UNITp /*=======Allow parentheses========*/ case '(': /* Match parenthetized expression */ obuf = bufunit; oind = indunit; /* Save old buffer*/ bufunit = nbuf; indunit = 0; /* Set new buffer */ u = &sunit; uwrite(p++, 1); p += unitec(p, u); /* Recursive call */ /* Remove trailing spaces */ indunit = strnline(bufunit, indunit); if (*p == ')') uwrite(p++, 1); else uwrite("?missing)", 9); bufunit = obuf; indunit = oind; /* Reset old buf. */ break; #endif case '"': /* Units within quotes must match exactly */ p++; s = strloc(p, '"'); if (p[s]) s++; u = ufind(unit, ITEMS(unit), p-1, s+1); if ((!u) && date_unit) u = ufind(date_unit, ndate_unit, p-1, s+1); if (!u) u = add_quoted(p-1, s+1) ; if (!u) ubad3(p-1, s+1, nbuf); p += s; break; case '#': /* Offseted unit */ obuf = bufunit; oind = indunit; /* Save old buffer*/ bufunit = nbuf; indunit = 0; /* Set new buffer */ p++; uwrite("(", 1); for (i=0; p[i] && (p[i]!='#') && (p[i]!='+') && (p[i]!='-'); i++) ; s = p[i]; p[i] = 0; unitec(p, &sunit); uwrite("shifted ", -1); p[i] = s; p += i; i = strloc(p, '#'); uwrite(p, i); sunit.offset = 0 - atof(p); p += i; if (*p) p++; uwrite(")", 1); /* u = unit; -- unitless */ bufunit = obuf; indunit = oind; /* Reset old buf. */ break; case '-': /* Unitless ?? */ if (!isdigit(p[1])) { while (*p == '-') p++; u = ufind(unit, ITEMS(unit), "---", 3); } break; default: /* Look for Unit */ s = 0; if (*p == '%') s = 1; /* The '%' is accepted */ else { if (*p == '\\') s = 1; while (isalpha(p[s]) || isuni2(p[s])) { /* Mod. V4.11 */ if (isuni2(p[s])) s += 2; else s++; } /* Added V4.23: accept a0, .. */ if (p[s] == '0') s++; } if (s == 0) { /* Accept Angstroem if (*p == 'Å') s++; */ /* Mod. V4.11 */ return(0); /* Unitless */ } if ((u = ufind(unit, ITEMS(unit), p, s))) { /* Simple unit */ p += s; break; } if ((*p=='\\') && (s>1) && (u=ufind(unit, ITEMS(unit), p+1, s-1))) { p += s; break; } /* Simple unit not found. Look for multiple prefix */ if (s > 2) { m = ufind(multiple, ITEMS(multiple), p, 2); if (m) p += 2, s -= 2; /* 2-letter prefix */ } if ((!m) && (s > 1)) { m = ufind(multiple, ITEMS(multiple), p, 1); if (m) p += 1, s -= 1; } u = ufind(unit, ITEMS(unit), p, s); /* Simple unit */ if (!u) ubad3(p, s, nbuf); p += s; break; } /* Look for power */ if (*p == '^') p++; else if ((p[0] == '*') && (p[1] == '*')) p += 2; while (*p == '(') { bra++; p++; } power = atoi(p); op[0] = '+' ; if (issign(*p)) op[0] = *(p++); if ((power <= -16) || (power >= 16)) { /* IMPOSSIBLE... */ return(0); } if ((power > 0) && (power < 10)) { /* Square, etc */ pu = ufind(operator, ITEMS(operator), p, 1); if (pu) uwritex(pu->explain), op[0] = 0; } while (isdigit(*p)) p++; while ((--bra>=0) && (*p == ')')) p++; if (*p == '^') p++; /* accept e.g. m^3^ */ if (!u) u = &sunit; *result = *u; if (m) { /* Multiplicity prefix */ result->factor *= m->factor; uwritex(m->explain); } uwritex(u->explain); if (power) { if (op[0]) { pu = ufind(operator, ITEMS(operator), op, 1); uwritex(pu->explain); sprintf(op, "%+d", power); uwrite(op+1, -1); } powu(result, power); } #if DEBUG printf(" =>%d\n", p-text); #endif return(p-text); } static int unitec(text, result) /*++++++++++++++++ .PURPOSE Match the compound unit = factor unit [operator unit]... .RETURNS The length of interpreted string .REMARKS Recursive -----------------*/ char *text; /* IN: The unit to explain */ UNIT *result; /* OUT: Resulting factor + units */ { UNIT *u, sunit; double log_factor ; char *p, end; void (*opu)(); int i, op; /* Get the initial factor */ #if DEBUG printf("....unitec: examine <%s>\n", text); #endif result->symbol = text; result->explain = bufunit; result->factor = 1.0; for (i=0; i<8; i++) result->mksa[i] = _; result->log_factor = log_factor = result->offset = 0 ; opu = uxu; /* Operator is multiplication */ p = text; p += unit_factor(p, &(result->factor)); if (p != text) uwrite(text, p-text), uwrite(" ", 1); if (*p == '[') { /* LOG of unit ... */ log_factor = result->factor ; result->factor = 1.0; uwrite("log[ ", -1) ; end = ']'; p++ ; i = unit_factor(p, &(result->factor)); if (i) uwrite(p, i), uwrite(" ", 1), p += i; } else end = 0 ; /* Scan symbols / operators */ for(op=0; *p; op++) { if (*p == end) { /* Closing log */ uwrite(&end, 1) ; end = 0 ; result->log_factor = log_factor ; log_factor = 0 ; p++ ; continue ; } i = unit1(p, &sunit); /* Match a Unit */ if (i == 0) { /* Try factor */ i = unit_factor(p, &(sunit.factor)); if (i) uwrite(p, i), uwrite(" ", 1); } (*opu)(result, &sunit); if (op == 0) result->offset = sunit.offset; p += i; #if UNITp /*=======Allow parentheses========*/ if (*p == ')') break ; #endif if (*p == end) continue ; u = ufind(operator, ITEMS(operator), p, 1); /* Accept the blank as a multiplicator */ if (!u) { if (*p == ' ') u = ufind(operator, ITEMS(operator), "*", 1) ; } if (!u) break; /* Must have an operator*/ p++; if (u->mksa[0] == '/') opu = udu; /* Division */ else opu = uxu; /* Multiplication */ /* Be sure the explanation is preceded by a space: remove first trailing spaces, then insert a blank. */ indunit = strnline(bufunit, indunit); uwrite(" ", 1); uwritex(u->explain); } if (end) result->log_factor = log_factor, uwrite("?missing]", -1) ; return(p-text); } /*================================================================== External routine *==================================================================*/ char *unit_dim(text) /*++++++++++++++++ .PURPOSE Find the Unit Dimension .RETURNS A string "M+xL+yT+zA+aK+b" (Mass / Length / Time / Ampere / Kelvin) .REMARKS The returned string includes '?' for problems -----------------*/ char *text; /* IN: The unit to explain */ { char dim[10]; UNIT result; int i; indunit = 0; /* Initialize buffer */ errors = 0; i = unitec(text, &result); indunit = 0; /* Initialize buffer */ edited_unit[0] = 0; if (text[i]) ubad(text+i, strlen(text+i)); else if (errors) ubad(text, strlen(text)); else for (i=0; sydim[i]; i++) { if (result.mksa[i] == _) continue; dim[0] = sydim[i]; sprintf(dim+1, "%+d", result.mksa[i] - _); uwrite(dim, -1); } return(edited_unit); } char *unit_si(char *text, double *result) /*++++++++++++++++ .PURPOSE Explain a unit .RETURNS The SI units (with power) involved .REMARKS The returned string includes '?' for problems, and offset marked by '#', e.g. degC --> K#-273.15# -----------------*/ { char obuf[40], ubuf[40]; int i; char *p; double value; indunit = 0; /* Initialize buffer */ errors = 0; value = 0; #if 0 i = unit_factor(text, &value); if (i==0) value = 0./0.; text += i; i = unitec(text, &unitSI); if (text[i]) ubad(text+i, strlen(text+i)), unitSI.factor = 0; #else edited_unit[0] = 0; p = unit_get1(text, &value); /* value with p=unit */ strncpy(ubuf, p, sizeof(ubuf)); ubuf[sizeof(ubuf)-1] = 0; i = unitec(ubuf, &unitSI); if (ubuf[i]) ubad(ubuf+i, strlen(ubuf+i)), unitSI.factor = 0; #endif if (errors == 0) indunit = 0; bufunit[indunit] = 0; /* Remove the standard interpretation */ if (unitSI.log_factor) { *result = unitSI.log_factor ; if (value == value) *result *= value; /* Not done if NaN */ uwrite("[", 1) ; uwrite(edf(unitSI.factor), -1) ; } /* Remove the unit offset -- possible only if value given */ else if (unitSI.offset && (value == value)) { *result = value*unitSI.factor + unitSI.offset; unitSI.offset = 0; } else { *result = unitSI.factor; if (value == value) *result *= value; /* Not done if NaN */ } if (unitSI.offset) uwrite("#", 1); p = edu(unitSI.mksa); uwrite(p, -1); if (unitSI.offset) { sprintf(obuf, "%f", -unitSI.offset); /* Remove useless ending Zero'es */ for (p=obuf+strlen(obuf)-1; (p>obuf) && *p == '0'; p--) ; *++p = 0; if (obuf[0] != '-') uwrite("+", 1); uwrite(obuf, -1); uwrite("#", 1); } if (unitSI.log_factor) uwrite("]", 1) ; return(edited_unit); } char *unit_get1(char *text, double *value) /*++++++++++++++++ .PURPOSE Interpret a text, and give the result in value + symbolic unit .RETURNS The symbolic unit in which value is expressed; text in case of error. .REMARKS Works also for JD and quoted units. Stops at first blank. -----------------*/ { char buf[32], *p, *e; int i; errors = 0 ; p = text; e = (char *)0; *value = 0./0.; /* NaN by default */ /* Simplify: in case of empty unit */ if (!text[0]) return(text); /* Verify first a date or a "special" unit */ if (p[0] == '"') e = strchr(p+1, '"'); if (e) { /* "Special" unit ------ */ i = (++e-p); /* Length of "special" */ if (i >= sizeof(buf)-2); /* Too long "special" */ else if (isgraph(*e)) { /* e.g. "date"22-Sep-2006 */ strncpy(buf, text, i); buf[i] = 0; return(unit_get(buf, e, value)); /* Must parse the date */ } /* Here I've only a unit, no following value */ } /* Could be JD or MJD, followed by a number */ if (strcmp(text, "now") == 0) { *value = get_special("", "now"); return(edited_unit); } if ((toupper(text[0]) == 'J') || (toupper(text[1] == 'J'))) { e = "MJD"; if((toupper(text[0]) == 'M') && (toupper(text[2]) == 'D')) ; else if (toupper(text[1]) == 'D') ++e ; /* MJD --> JD */ else e = (char *)0; if (e) { i = unit_factor(text+strlen(e), value); if (i == 0) *value = 0./0.; return(e); } } /* "Standard" unit: get value + unit */ i = unit_factor(text, value); if (i == 0) /* No value ... */ *value = 0./0.; return(text+i); } char *unit_get(unit, text, value) /*++++++++++++++++ .PURPOSE Interpret a text from unit, and return value .RETURNS The SI units (with power) of value .REMARKS The returned string includes '?' for problems unitSI is set. -----------------*/ char *unit; /* IN: The unit part */ char *text; /* IN: The value part */ double *value; /* OUT: the value in the returned units */ { char buf[12], *p, *e; double atof(); int i; errors = 0 ; if (*unit == '"') { /* Special Interpretations */ if ((strncmp(unit+1, "Y-M-D",5) == 0) ||(strncmp(unit+1, "dat", 3) == 0)) { /* Full Date Interpretation */ p = text && *text ? datime_pic(text) : "Y-M-D"; *value = get_special(p, text); } else if (strncmp(unit+1, "mon", 3) == 0) { for (i=0; (i= edited_unit) p[1] = p[0], p-- ; *e = 0 ; edited_unit[0] = '?' ; } return(edited_unit) ; } static char *for_tex(char *text) /*++++++++++++++++ .PURPOSE Rewrite a text for latex .RETURNS The TeXised equivalent .REMARKS Done in static area. op=4 if we must transform exponents -----------------*/ { static char buf[256]; int i, was_digit=0, in_expo=0; for (i=0; *text && (i time is taken into account -----------------*/ { char si1[40], *p1, *p2; double f, f1, f2 ; f1 = f2 = 1.0 ; p1 = p2 = "" ; if (*u1) { p1 = unit_si(u1, &f1) ; strncpy(si1, p1, sizeof(si1)); p1 = si1 ; } if (*u2) p2 = unit_si(u2, &f2) ; f = f1 / f2 ; if (strcmp(p1, p2) == 0) /* Compatible Units */ return(f) ; if ((*p1 == 0) && (strcmp(p2, "s") == 0)) return(f*86400.) ; if ((*p2 == 0) && (strcmp(p1, "s") == 0)) return(f/86400.) ; /* INCOMPATIBLE UNITS */ return(0.) ; } double unit_ghz(char *text) /*++++++++++++++++ .PURPOSE Interpret a text for a frequency / wavelength .RETURNS The frequency, in GHz / NaN if error .REMARKS Example: "1eV" returns the corresponding frequency -----------------*/ { char *u; double value; /* Initialisation: c (light speed) + Planck (2.pi\h) */ if (!text) return(0./0.); if (isdigit(*text)); else return(0./0.); u = unit_si(text, &value); if (!u) return(0./0.); /* fprintf(stderr, "#...unit_freq(%s) => %s, value=%g\n", text, u, value); */ if (*u == 'm') { /* I have a wavelength */ if (u[1] == 0) return(1.e-9*_c_/value); if (strcmp(u, "m-1")==0) /* Wavenumber */ return(1.e-9*_c_*value); } else if (strncmp(u, "Hz", 2) == 0) /* I have a frequency */ return(1.e-9*value); else if (*u == 'J') { if ((u[1] = ' ') || (u[1] == '0')) return(1.e-9*value/_h_); } /* Not wavelength, wavenumber, frequency, energy... */ return(0./0.); } double unit_um(char *text) /*++++++++++++++++ .PURPOSE Interpret a text for a wavelength .RETURNS The wavelength, in um (microns) .REMARKS Example: "1eV" returns the corresponding -----------------*/ { return(1.e-3*_c_/unit_ghz(text)) ; } #ifdef TEST #include static char *theQuestion; static int qno = 0; static char usage[] = "\ Usage: units [-help] [-version] [-tex] [?] [-um|-GHz] [complex_value|-]..."; static char help[] = "\ -help: display this help\n\ -tex: edit unit in `softex'\n\ ?: display all known units\n\ -: get values to interpret from stdin\n\ -um: compute wavelength, in microns\n\ -GHz: compute freqsuency, in Giga-Hertz\n\ value: complex values to explain (default: values in standard input)\n\ accepts value as GHz:text or um:text for wavelength/frequency\n\ " ; /*================================================================== Sort routine *==================================================================*/ static int cmpu(u1, u2) /*++++++++++++++++ .PURPOSE Compare 2 units .RETURNS the first (alphabetical order) .REMARKS Comparison dictionary order -----------------*/ UNIT *u1; UNIT *u2; { char *s1, *s2; int c1=0, c2=0, d, b; for (s1=u1->symbol, s2=u2->symbol, d=0, b=0 ;(d==0)&&(*s1|*s2); s1++, s2++){ c1 = *s1&0xff ; c2 = *s2&0xff ; if (c1 == '-') { d = c2 == '-' ? 0 : -1 ; continue ; } if (c2 == '-') { d = c1 == '-' ? 0 : 1 ; continue ; } if (c1 == '\\') { b = 1; s2--; continue; } if (c2 == '\\') { b = -1; s1--; continue; } if (c1 == '"') { d = c2 == '"' ? 0 : 1 ; continue ; } if (c2 == '"') { d = c1 == '"' ? 0 : -1 ; continue ; } d = toupper(c1) - toupper(c2) ; } if (d == 0) d = c1 - c2 ; if (d == 0) d = b; return(d) ; } static void too_long(s) /*++++++++++++++++ .PURPOSE Verify the config file changed .RETURNS -- -----------------*/ int s; /* IN: Signal number */ { fprintf(stderr, "#***units too long (loop?) qno=%d: %s\n", qno, theQuestion ? theQuestion : "(nil)"); fflush(stderr); sleep(2); exit(1); } static char *head[] = { "#===List of all units and constants==================\n", "\\par{\\bf List of known Units} \\qquad\ {\\em\\fg{DarkGreen}(the (*) indicates non-standard units)}\n\ \\begin{TABULAR}{lpl}\n" }; static char *tail[] = { "", "\\end{TABULAR}\n" }; static char *colors[] = { "\\bg{cornsilk}", "\\bg{DarkSeaGreen1}" }; static char *qcol = "\\fg{gray30}" ; /* Color when questionable unit */ /*================================================================== Test Program *==================================================================*/ int main(int argc, char **argv) /*++++++++++++++++ .PURPOSE Just a TEST program -----------------*/ { char buf[512], my_unit[32], *p, *got; int i, from_stdin; int optex = 0; int optw = 0; /* 1=GHz, 2=um */ double f, value; for (++argv, --argc; argc > 0; argc--, argv++) { p = *argv; if (*p != '-') break; if (strncmp(p, "-ver", 4) == 0) { printf("units (CDS) Version %s\n", VERSION); exit(0); } if (p[1] == 'h') { printf("%s\n%s", usage, help); exit(0); } if (p[1] == 't') { optex = 1; continue; } if (strcmp(p, "-um") == 0) { optw |= 2; continue; } if (strcmp(p, "-GHz") == 0) { optw |= 1; continue; } if (p[1] == 0) continue; fprintf(stderr, "#***Unknown argument: %s\n%s\n", p, usage); exit(1); } if (argc == 0) /* form_stdin&2: prompt */ from_stdin = isatty(0) ? 3 : 1 ; else from_stdin = 0; while(1) { signal(SIGALRM, too_long); alarm(12000); if (from_stdin&2) printf("\nGive a unit: "); if (from_stdin&1) got = fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), stdin); else if (argc>0) got = *(argv++), --argc; else got = (char *)0; if (!got) break; theQuestion = got; /* Remove heading blanks: */ while (*got == ' ') got++; /* Remove trailing blanks: */ for (i=strlen(got)-1; (i>=0) && isspace(got[i]); i--); got[++i] = 0; /* Remove blanks after value */ i = strloc(got, ' '); if (got[i]) { char *ps; ps = got+i; for (i=0; ps[i] == ' '; i++) ; while(ps[i]) { ps[0] = ps[i]; ps++; } *ps = 0; } if ((!*got) || (*got == '?')) { /* Help */ char *fg; int op=optex<<2; qsort(unit, ITEMS(unit), sizeof(UNIT), (SORT_FCT)cmpu); printf("%s", head[optex]); for (i=0; i 12) printf("\n %-12s", "");*/ p = unitex(unit[i].symbol, op); if(optex) { if((got = strstr(p, " = "))) *got = 0; printf("\\multicolumn{1 %s}{p}{%s %s}&", colors[i&1], fg, p); } else printf("= %-32s", p); p = unitex(unit[i].symbol, op|1); if (!p) p = ""; if (optex) printf("\\multicolumn{1 %s}{l}{%s}\\\\", colors[i&1], p); else printf("= %s", p); printf("\n"); } printf("%s", tail[optex]); continue; } if (!from_stdin) printf("\n Input: %s\n", got); if (optw) { if (optw&1) printf(" {nu}: %gGHz\n", unit_ghz(got)); if (optw&2) printf(" {lambda}: %gum\n", unit_um(got)); continue; } p = unit_get1(got, &value); strncpy(my_unit, p, sizeof(my_unit)-1); printf(" Value: %.15g\n", value); printf(" Unit: %s\n", optex ? unitex(my_unit, 4) : my_unit); printf(" xpUnit: %s\n", unitex(my_unit, 0)); printf(" SI_unit: %s\n", unitex(my_unit, 1)); printf(" Dim: %-10s\n", unit_dim(my_unit)); if (value == value) { /* True only if not NaN */ p = unit_si(got, &f); if (strchr(p, '?')) printf(" SI_value: (?)%s\n", p); else printf(" SI_value: %.15g%s\n", f, p); } #if 0 if (from_stdin) { printf("Value in above unit: ") ; got = fgets(text, sizeof(text), stdin) ; if (!got) break; for (i=strlen(got)-1; (i>=0) && isspace(got[i]); i--); got[++i] = 0; p = unit_get(got, text, &f) ; printf(" Result: %.15e%s\n", f, p) ; } #endif } exit(0); } #endif